Integrated Double-sided LCC Compensation Topology for an Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System

Abstract

  Due to declining fossil fuel resources and rising gasoline prices, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have recently regained popularity. Meanwhile, due to the expensive initial cost of the battery, range anxiety or limited travel distance, a lack of charging infrastructure, and poor recharging rates, widespread adoption of EVs is not occurring at a rapid pace. The aforementioned concerns can be addressed with wireless power transfer (WPT) systems that use dynamic power transfer while the EVs are moving. It has the potential to lower the depth of depletion of the on-board battery, extending the battery's life cycle. Furthermore, a smaller battery not only decreases vehicle weight but also lowers vehicle costs due to improved performance. The WPT charging pads are used at regular intervals on frequently used routes; the range constraint is effectively alleviated or erased. Similarly, power transfer to EVs can be used directly to propel, avoiding losses of about 15% caused by energy stored in the battery. It is acknowledged that infrastructure investment costs may be expensive at first, but RWPT systems are best implemented in heavily frequented highways, in which case just a small portion of the entire roadway is required to execute. Furthermore, electricity charging costs can be collected from EVs that use power segments similar to toll booths to help support infrastructure costs. WPT has been studied and successfully applied to applications such as material handling and biomedicine in the past. Because of the adverse environment and particular properties of the roadway, adapting this technology to EV applications is currently a challenge. The key problem is higher power transfer rates (50-100 kW for SUVs, 8-20 kW for automobiles), charging distance, magnetic field leakage, high power transfer efficiency, high pressure and vibration in heavy traffic, compatibility, and extended expected life.

The majority of WPT EV charging experiments to date have concentrated on static systems, with only a few inquiries into roadway (dynamic) charging of EVs. Furthermore, the WPT technology for static charging has not been optimised to provide high power transfer efficiency. The selection of power electronic circuit topologies, magnetic coupler design, and compensator selection are all important factors in the efficient design of static or dynamic WPT charging systems. An inductive-based wireless charging system is nothing without coils. They are responsible for determining the power transmission capability and efficiency. The geometry of the coils is an important property since it is linked to the coupling-factor (K) of the coil construction and the Quality-factor (Q) of both primary and secondary coils. The compensator topology design is is another key feature of a WPT since it enhances transmission of power, reduces the power source's VA rating, and aids in soft switching devices. The researchers add a coplanar coil to the primary coil pad in order to increase coupling and efficiency using the Series-Series (SS) compensator architecture.. The compensation circuitry is divided into four types: PP, PS, SP, and SS, with the letters "P" and "S" denoting the way the resonant capacitor is linked to the coil, with "P" denoting parallel and "S" denoting series.

Double-sided LCC (DSLLC) compensation topology that is more favourable to improve   the K, Q and load condition handling.  The resonance frequency is not only independent, although it is very efficient and provides wide misalignment power transfer.   However, the DSLLC topology has a huge volume. This work offers a new integration approach for a wireless charging system employing DSLLC compensation structure in order to optimize modeling and development while maintaining the benefits of compact and high efficient. The proposed DSLCC WPT design is provide a wide variation of Magnitude of magnetic intensity and reaches to 93.2 % efficiency when the misalignment is close zero.  The lab scale experimentation is also conducted to validate the simulation results.