SPAST Abstracts

EMERGENCE STAGES AND DERIVATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF HIPPOLOGICAL TERMS USED IN THE FIELD OF HOLIDAYS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE

2023-12-20T15:34:26+00:00

In this article, thoughts and comments about the study and lexicographical analysis of the terms related to hunting in the Uzbek language are highlighted, and the terms related to the field are analyzed.

GLOBALIZATION PHENOMENON AND GLOBALISM

2024-01-07T13:31:01+00:00

This article describes the fact that in modern times the world has changed significantly as a result of the active integration of all aspects of the life of society that have occurred in the last hundred years and has become a holistic whole organism. As a consequence, it is stated that serious changes began to occur in the social consciousness of some peoples and all of humanity, marked by global processes and common (worldwide) problems that have arisen under their influence, and the world community has entered a new stage of its development, which differs from the previous stages not only in the scale of changes, but also.

Ideological and Aesthetic Features of Modern Iranian Short Story

2023-12-29T17:24:17+00:00

This article is devoted to the analysis of the genesis, development and trends of modern Iranian short stories. Persian literature with great and powerful past has given great figures to world civilization, and it possesses its modern history of more than a century, and even in the new era it occupies a worthy place in the world literary process. Iranian short stories have come a long way in almost a hundred years. Invaluable works had been created that enriched the history and theory of Eastern short stories. The Islamic Revolution of 1979 put an end to the rule of the Shah, which lasted two centuries, therefore significant changes took place in the socio-political, spiritual and cultural life of the country, which impacted Iranian literature. On the one hand, these changes manifested themselves when, in the first years after the Revolution, the principle of Islamization of cultural and spiritual life intensified, then in recent decades it is recognized that the principles of striving for new themes, formal and stylistic research, and the desire to describe reality in a new way have strengthened in the works of writers. During this period, Iranian prose changed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Short stories of this period have their own characteristics and principles and arouse great scientific and human interest.

The environmental problem of the inertia of the system of means of interaction between the teacher and promising directions for the development of ways to overcome it

2024-03-03T07:48:55+00:00

The article reveals the environmental problem of psychological inertia and inertia of the system of means of interaction between the teacher and the direction of developing ways to overcome it.

GENDER ISSUES: EQUALITY OR BALANCE

2023-12-20T12:48:25+00:00

In this article, it is analyzed that gender equality can be successfully solved only through methods developed based on the characteristics of unique cultures.

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC ORGANIZATIONS AS SUBJECTS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

2024-01-05T09:20:47+00:00

The present article is about the International Islamic organizations, as one of the main types of "actors" of world politics and economics after states. Here is the history and typology of international organizations, and also their functions and role in world politics, in ensuring peace, security and sustainable development of States.

Historical, Ethnological, Philosophical Aspects and Methodology of Research of Family Traditions and Values of Fergana Valley

2023-12-11T14:27:05+00:00

The socio-philosophical analysis of the transformation of family traditions and values of the Fergana Valley is described in the article based on scientific sources. Unscientific, geostrategic approaches were identified during the study of sources. Unbiased information is disclosed. It has been scientifically proven that national mental characteristics in family relations in the region have not lost their importance since ancient times.

Formation of Mathematical Thinking Competence in Students - as a Scientific Pedagogical Problem

2023-12-28T05:56:44+00:00

School education is a part of the continuous education system that requires special attention. The door to all the opportunities necessary to achieve the effectiveness of quality education on a global scale is being opened on a large scale. How to build a 21st century school system? such questions are also being considered at the level of global education policy. Systematic work is being carried out in the environment of digitalization of education, introduction of the most advanced methods of teaching on the basis of digital technologies related to education and training, in accordance with the standards of world education. Today, global globalization processes have an impact on the development of science, education, art, culture, sports, economy, business, marketing, construction industry, production, and so on. it is known to everyone. In particular, the processes of globalization have brought about important changes in the field of education. First of all, these are characterized by transformation processes, that is, deep, new qualitative changes in the quality, efficiency, structure, and functions of education. This article talks about the reasons why the development of mathematical thinking competence is considered as a pedagogical problem and the methods of solving the problem, as well as information about the opinions of scientists, types of thinking and existing problems in school.

THE USE OF PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES IN ECOLOGICAL CONSCIOUSNESS

2024-03-03T07:44:23+00:00

This article is devoted to the topic of using projective methods in the study of environmental awareness. Also, in the text of the article, ecological consciousness and its essence, psychological aspects of ecological consciousness, age characteristics of the formation of ecological consciousness, projective method of evaluating ecological consciousness, projective psychodiagnostics and its practical possibilities, psychological description of projective methods, projective diagnosis, ecological consciousness diagnostics and modern psychology such issues are covered in detail.

THE FRACTAL-STRUCTURED ALGORITHM FOR THE DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF RETINAL BLOOD VESSELS IN MEDICAL IMAGES

2023-12-17T13:39:54+00:00

This article demonstrates to the advancement of algorithms for the detection and diagnosis of blood vessels in the retina based on medical images with a fractal structure. It was justified that the notion of fractals and fractal dimensions, Hausdorff-Bezikovich dimension, Minkowski-Bouligand dimension, eye disease detection algorithm, cell counting method, and updated methods in the article. In addition, retinal blood vessels were calculated using fractal dimensions. The cell counting approach and updated methods were used to compute the fractal measures of blood vessels in the retina. The formula and tables were used to provide a comparative analysis of the findings.

TO IMPROVE AND ANALYZE THE TEACHING METHODOLOGY OF “HIGH PLANTS MODULE” IN BOTANY FOR FUTURE BIOLOGISTS

2023-12-29T20:36:26+00:00

The paper involves the data about the teaching methodology of Botany science such as “Higher plants”, the improvement of the content of educational programs and textbooks in education, especially the determination of its structural structure with new content, revision of the arrangement of educational materials according to sections and topics, analysis of the main factors of the scholarly and educational process. To properly organize independent education for mastering the section and issues of the higher plants module, which students in the higher education system take for the second year of botany, to determine the electronic educational tools created according to the academic module, and to revise them based on demand were analyzed based on the experiences.

The Theme of Motherhood in the Novel «Zuleikha Opens Eyes» by Guizel Yakhina

2023-12-28T05:46:31+00:00

The article is devoted to the analysis of the theme of motherhood in the novel «Zuleikha Opens Her Eyes» by the modern famous Russian writer Guzel Yakhina. This study includes an analysis of the theme of motherhood as one of the main ones in the novel, which is revealed through the image of Upyrikha, which is key to the plot outline of the novel.

What is the relationship between environmental education and sports-pedagogical activity?

2024-03-01T05:45:28+00:00

According to some sources, environmental education and sports-pedagogical activity are related in several ways. For example: Environmental education can enhance the awareness, knowledge, skills and values of participants in sports-pedagogical activities, and help them develop a positive attitude toward the natural environment. Sports-pedagogical activities can provide opportunities for environmental education, by exposing participants to different natural settings, engaging them in outdoor life experiences, and fostering their appreciation of nature’s beauty and diversity. Environmental education and sports-pedagogical activity can both contribute to the goals of environmental sustainability, by promoting healthy lifestyles, responsible consumption, social justice, and ecological citizenship.

ABOUT THE PRAGMATICS OF DEACTIVE PRONOUNS IN THE KOREAN LANGUAGE

2023-12-29T20:21:05+00:00

The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that by now the level and depth of study of pronouns does not correspond, firstly, to the generally accepted and general modern level of theoretical development of the Korean language as a whole, and, secondly, to the backbone role that pronouns play in the general structuring of the language . The ability to perform the function of a subject, predicate, etc., is one of the important distinctive structural forms in the grammar of the language under study, which requires special study. Until now, as a result of research, only the morphological features of pronouns in the Korean language have been determined, leaving the issues of the syntactic functioning of pronouns unresolved. Such studies are important for the development of theoretical linguistics and methods of teaching the studied language.

Political Activity of Mustafa Shokay and Ahmed Zaki Validii in Turkestan

2023-12-28T05:15:25+00:00

This article offers a comprehensive examination of the political activities of Mustafa Shokay and Ahmed Zaki Validii in Turkestan during a specific historical period. Drawing upon primary sources, archival materials, and scholarly research, the study explores the ideologies, strategies, and impact of these influential figures on the political landscape of the region. Through a rigorous analysis of their political engagement, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of the historical dynamics and political aspirations of Turkestan.

The image of invaluable people who consider themselves responsible for the changes of the times and the ecology of mother earth

2024-03-01T05:41:02+00:00

Nazar Eshanqul's works have a special place in modern Uzbek literature. In his stories, novels, povests life events and human image are reflected with high poetic skill. The author's works attract attention with the sonority of the language, the clarity of the image, and the deep analysis of the reality of life. In his stories, short stories, novels and articles, the artist reveals the most important aspects of events that others have not noticed. The writer's "The Black Book", "The Man Led by the Monkey",Works such as "Untimely played bong" attract attention as a deep poetic thought, an expression of burning passion. These works prove that the most important factor that ensures the effectiveness of examples of verbal art is the expression of deep, painful experiences, clear feelings. In the author's works "You Can't Catch the Wind", "Night Fences", "Momo's Song" and other works, the wide-scale observation and poetic expression of deep feelings characteristic of such figures of world literature as Fyodor Dostoevsky and Albert Camus are clearly visible. The characters in the works of the writer consider themselves responsible for the fate of the Mother Earth, ecology of air, water, and soil. They are natural gifts. They support the rational use of energy resources in it. Due to these qualities, these heroes are among the indispensable people of all times. This article talks about this.

DEVELOPMENT OF LOGICAL PICTURE THINKING IN TEACHING CHEMISTRY IN AN INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

2023-12-29T20:04:58+00:00

This article highlights the issue of the development of logical and imaginative thinking of future chemistry teachers when teaching chemistry. The ideas about effectively using the rules of logical, inventive thinking, repetition, elaboration, and consolidation of the material learned in the learning process are presented.

Relationship Between English as a Medium of Instruction and Elitism in Uzbek Higher Education

2023-12-27T20:23:32+00:00

This article discusses in detail the role of English as the language of instruction in higher education institutions, as well as the classification of universities based on the language of instruction, entrance requirements, and tuition fees in the higher education system of Uzbekistan.

The image of women in “Baburnama”

2024-03-01T05:35:33+00:00

“Baburnama” contains a wealth of information about Babur and the literary environment of the period in which he lived. Based on this information, it is possible to reconstruct the biographies of many famous poets of that time who lived in Central Asia and wrote poems in Persian and Turkish. The book depicts the image of a number of the poet’s contemporaries, statesmen, artists, musicians, historians. The article focuses on the Timurid princesses who were close to Babur and who knew him directly in “Baburnama”.

FIELD RESEARCH ON PASTURE VEGETATION IN SOUTH UZBEKISTAN (IN KASHKADARYA REGION PARTS)

2023-12-29T19:43:32+00:00

This paper involves the practical use of pastures in the Kashkadarya region. Therefore, the data on cartographic and monitoring fodder yield were given. To determine the fodder productivity of the foothill pastures during the year in the spring, it is carried out in the field through principled methodological schemes: drawing up a pasture card as a standard describing the average productivity indicators of many years, carrying out surface field inspections for control in the most critical grazing areas; annual reviews for the use of pastures as fodder and grazing of livestock.

Psychometric techniques and the specificity of adaptation of environmentally responsible behavior to determine the propensity of professionals with an extreme profile to deviant behavior

2024-03-03T08:02:07+00:00

The article examines the process of adapting the psychometric methodology to determine the tendency of deviant behavior for the use of experts of the appropriate category - extreme profile and ecologically responsible behavior. In the course of adaptation, an empirical study of such fundamental characteristics of the psychometric technique as reliability and validity is described in detail. The specifics of the mechanism for translating the content of the psychometric technique into the Uzbek language with subsequent mathematical and statistical verification are revealed, as well as the standardisation process, in order to determine the norm regarding the target sample - specialists of the extreme profile.

Metaphors Reflecting the Human Psychological State

2023-12-27T20:11:35+00:00

The article deals with the analyses of the metaphors that characterize the psychological state of a person. The main attention is paid to the structures reflecting the spiritual experiences of the main characters of the work - Jane Eyre, Rochester and Lord Soules. It is known that each of the mentioned characters has its own characteristics, and this, by the way, occupies a leading place in the structure of the ideological theme of the novel.

The development of critical thinking and transformative learning in online education within the Uzbek higher education system: constraints and solutions

2024-02-25T17:33:10+00:00

The extension of one's awareness as a result of the modification of one's fundamental worldview and particular capabilities is what is meant by the term "transformative learning." Critical thinking is only one of the numerous abilities that may be developed via participation in online education. In this essay, we study what exactly critical thinking is, as well as the difficulties associated with promoting it in online education and the possible solutions to those difficulties. In addition, the significance that transformational learning plays in Uzbek higher education institutions is outlined.

USE OF ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOKS IN OPTIMIZING PROCESSES OF ZOOLOGY EDUCATION (BIRD CLASS)

2023-12-29T19:28:30+00:00

In this article, students' natural-scientific literacy, improving the quality and effectiveness of education using the possibilities of modern pedagogical and electronic information educational resources, the reforms carried out in our country in this regard, the science of using electronic textbooks in the teaching of zoology (Bird class) theoretical foundations, existing problems in the level of development of pedagogical skills of zoology teachers in higher educational institutions and their solutions are highlighted. There are also comments on the types of electronic textbooks, the requirements for their creation, principles, and the possibilities of their use for learners.

Concerning polyfunctional words and their semantic analyzer

2024-03-03T07:58:48+00:00

This article is devoted to the study of poly-functional words in computer linguistics, linguistic factors of differentiation of poly-functional words and the issue of linguistic modeling of poly-functional word environment for the semantic analyzer of the Uzbek language.

A semantic analyzer is a program that semantically processes the syntactic structure of a query using conceptual graphs. Conceptual graphics are semantic or, in other words, conceptual representations of situations and knowledge in natural language comprehension models.

PREVENTION OF CHEMICAL WATER POLLUTION

2023-12-26T12:02:31+00:00

This article examines the special chemical properties of water, the mechanism of the water cycle in nature, as connecting together all the water resources of our planet, wherever they are: in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere. Special attention is paid to the problem of water pollution - a serious environmental problem, since water is necessary for the existence of all living organisms, including humans. Hazardous factors of pollution, such as industrial waste, sewage water, oil leaks, agriculture, atmospheric pollution and others, as well as methods for purifying water from them, are considered. To protect surface waters from pollution, the following environmental protection measures are envisaged - the development of waste-free and water-free technologies, the introduction of recycling water supply systems.

Linguistic Devices of Otov in Surkhandarya Dialects

2024-02-14T06:48:49+00:00

The study of dialects is a great help to determine the phonetic, lexical, and grammatical norms of the Uzbek literary language, as well as to stabilize the Uzbek orthography and orthography. Studying dialects is also important for people’s history and ethnography. Studying languages and dialects helps to identify the differences between them by comparing them with the languages of other Turkic peoples, such as the location of clans in the past and the household equipment they lived in. In addition, it is to study all stages of the development of the national language, which is a means of communication between members of society, from clan languages to tribal languages and finally to the national language and from the national language to the national language. Lexical elements that have already disappeared or changed to a certain extent in the literary language are preserved in dialects. Therefore, we tried to describe their lexical and grammatical meanings, comparing the work with written monuments, folklore and other Turkic languages.

STABILITY OF THE CULTURE OF FAMILY RELATIONS IN CIVIL SOCIETY

2023-12-29T19:13:28+00:00

The topic of this article is one of the most pressing issues of revival and renewal in the era of globalization. Because it is explained that during the period of building any democratic and civil society, morals, mutual attitude of parents and love for children are important factors in the stability of the family.

The influence of success and motivation for environmental protection on the development of reflexivity in a person

2024-03-03T07:55:09+00:00

The article presents the role of the motivation to achieve success in environmental protection in the development of reflexivity in the individual, the characteristics of the effect, and the psychological mechanisms of its emergence.Also, the development of the motivation for success in the individual, its effect on reflexive processes was determined using a psychological examination tool. Accordingly, the role of motivation for success in the age-related development of reflexivity has been revealed.

HAZARDOUS EXOGENIC PROCESSES OCCURRING IN THE AMIRSOY RESORT AREA AND ADJACENT MOUNTAIN SLOPES AND THEIR ANALYSIS

2023-12-26T11:24:27+00:00

This article highlights field survey work carried out at the Amirsoy ski resort and adjacent slopes in Bostanlyk District of Tashkent Region of Uzbekistan.

Customer attachment-the key factor for the sustainability and growth of unorganized Indian Kirana Shops

2024-01-16T16:55:22+00:00

Indian grocery retail ecosystem is multi-layered and complex. The large geography and varying infrastructure levels in different parts of the country, demands different distribution models. Indian retail ecosystem is capable enough to ensure product availability even in the interior parts of the country and we could call the Kirana shops, its backbone. The recent past has witnessed the growth of modern retail shops and e-commerce and they are throwing challenges to Kiranas. However, Kirana stores continue to represent a large part of total consumer goods sales in India. Since the competition is getting intensive, Kirana shops have to move upward in retail maturity instead of playing defensive. Kiranas offer distinct advantages to customers and some strengths are unique to these shops. Through this study, researchers identified ‘customer attachment’ as a major differentiator for the Kirana shops. A methodology for measuring the same was developed by employing due procedure. Also, the impact of sub-dimensions of customer attachment on intentions to purchase from Kirana shops was also confirmed. The study concludes that customers have a special bonding with local Kirana stores in terms of their atmosphere and staff that positively impact the purchase intent.

METHODS OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN THE STUDY OF SAMPLES OF UZBEK AND WORLD LITERATURE

2023-12-29T18:57:22+00:00

This article examined the scientific and theoretical justification of the method of comparative analysis of the study of Uzbek literature in combination with world literature. The issues of studying world and Uzbek literature in harmony are also widely covered; on the one hand, students' mastering organic relations are the most striking examples of world literature. On the other hand, the insufficient methodological development of the problem of comparative study of Uzbek and foreign literature

Vamberi – Magtymguly scholar and translator

2024-03-03T07:50:42+00:00

Men of letters and other outstanding personalities, who glorified nation are feathers of its pride in the whole world. A poet and thinker Magtymguly Fragi, who was deep “on the ship of intellect into the river of thought”, is regarded not only by the Turkmen nation, but also by all Turkish-speaking peoples. And the study of the life and creative heritage of the poet, who conquered a deserving place in the hearts of millions of peoples, created a new trend in the literary studies, which is called “Magtymguly studies”.

FANTASY: GENRE ORIGINALITY AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES

2023-12-20T12:55:37+00:00

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively examine the linguistic means used in the construction of an anomalous artistic world in works of the fantasy genre. In accordance with the stated goal and the hypothesis put forward, the following tasks are investigated in the research: systematizing the essential characteristics of the artistic world; distinguishing the fantasy genre from related genres of fantastic literature; describing the specifics of the anomalous artistic world in works of the fantasy genre; and identifying the linguistic characteristics of creating a fantastic world in artistic literature. The relevance of the work is determined by the growing interest of linguistics in the problems of the fantasy genre as a tool for classification and typologization of literary texts, as well as the need for a deeper and more comprehensive study of the genre-forming function of language, namely the role of various linguistic units in the creation of a special type of artistic reality where uniform laws apply. Turning to fantasy is also important in the context of the understanding of multi-genres, characteristic of modern humanities, as a manifestation of the fragmented thinking of modern man. The research is based on the material of works in the fantasy genre, which is the object of the research. The authors used novels by English writers whose works are most representative for understanding the fantasy genre: J.R.R. Tolkien, J.K. Rowling, W. Golding, and others.

ABDALLAH QADIRI’S NOVELS USING THE METHOD OF METONYMY

2024-01-07T10:18:19+00:00

In this article (“Transfer of meaning using metonymy in Abdulla Qadiri’s novels”), the role of transpositions in the national language, the attractiveness of fiction through the methods of transfer of meaning, the use of the national language by writers in their literary works his efforts to bring out his expressions, his in-depth knowledge and respect for his mother tongue in the style of wordsmiths are noticeable, the fact that Abdulla Qadiri, the founder of the Uzbek national novel, loved his language with all his being, felt its incomparable wealth that he was able to do, that any national language has its own inexhaustible source, that the artistic source of the Uzbek language is the folk dialects in which our epics were created, that Abdulla Qadiri enjoyed the folk epics when writing his novels, that our dialects, which are our living language, gave him incomparable inspiration, and other Copying from the artistically high works written in the languages of the Uzbeks is a serious consequence of the writer’s works becoming soulless, the inability of uneducated writers to do this, not being able to leave the mold of the literary language and not taking into account the dialects, the mold of the current Uzbek literary language. that it is a false pattern woven by the people and that the nationality has been corrupted, that the Karalug-Chigil-Uyghur dialect, which does not rely on examples of folk oral creativity, is not nourished by it, and has no source of support and is devoid of epics, is not the basis of the current Uzbek literary language , the use of borrowed words in this dialect, the use of original Uzbek lexical units in pure Uzbek and Oghiz dialects, the formative word “el”, “bek” is often Expressions of the lexical unit “noli”, notes that the term “bek” has the meaning of “grajdanin” are given. In this regard, it was said that Abdulla Qadiri effectively used the transfer of meaning on the basis of connection in his novels. In literary novels, metonymy is country, city, law, official, locality, population, people, yard, house, relatives, trade people, community, hospitality, food, kingship, marriage, family, meal, breakfast, dish, time, person, agreement, it is explained that he used types of metonymy related to service, price, status.

Procedures for Educational Work in the Formation of Professional Qualifications

2023-12-28T06:02:29+00:00

Points of view have been put forward and substantiated regarding the training of students in educational organizations as the owner of a profession and formation of their professional skills with a reliable level of practical ethics, as well as finding a stable, legal and positive solution of theoretical views and practical procedures.

Syntactic-semantic units as translation variants in english and uzbek (on the examples of rubais by Alisher Navoi)

2024-03-03T07:46:25+00:00

This article is devoted to the syntactic-semantic units as translation variants in English and Uzbek languages. This translation unit is the constructive translation unit, which can be a sentence. That’s why in order to make a good translation it is necessary to study comprehensively the sentence structure and it is syntactic- semantic elements which are usually realized as translation variants in the positions of sentence members. For example, such syntactic-semantic elements can be activated as agents, objects, instruments, causative, temporal and locative syntactic- semantic elements in different positions of sentence members. They differ from one another by their syntactic-semantic features as well as by formal distributive distinctions including combinability, positions (preposition, postposition) regarding to its head-word and also lexical bases.

GENDER ISSUES: EQUALITY OR BALANCE

2023-12-20T12:45:11+00:00

In this article, it is analyzed that gender equality can be successfully solved only through methods developed based on the characteristics of unique cultures.

METHODOLOGY OF USING INTERNATIONAL ASSESSMENT PROGRAMS IN DEVELOPING THE SCIENTIFIC LITERACY OF FUTURE TEACHERS

2023-12-29T20:46:14+00:00

The article is based on the development of the methodology for the development of natural-scientific literacy of future students studying in the field of natural science, the problems and solutions for the development of natural-scientific literacy of students in their continuing education institutions in the future, changes in the educational system of developed countries and our republic. And their efforts to achieve good results in international evaluation studies; finally, the scientific-methodical foundations of developing natural-scientific literacy in our teachers have been explained step by step. Competencies of natural and scientific literacy, scientific explanation of phenomena, design and evaluation of scientific research, scientific interpretation of data, and evidence are explained based on examples. Opinions, comments, conclusions, and recommendations are given about developing contextual assignments and providing didactic materials for developing natural scientific literacy among teachers.

Interaction of Turkic Languages in Karakalpakstan

2023-12-28T05:51:53+00:00

In this article, the interaction of Turkic languages in Karakalpakstan was analyzed. Although the Karakalpak language belongs to the Kipchak group of Turkic languages, the reasons for the influence of the Uzbek language from the Karluk group, the Turkmen language from the Oghuz group, and the Kazakh language from the Kipchak group were studied. By studying the process of language interaction and its causes, their development ways and characteristics, the service of this process in the enrichment of these languages was determined.

History of studying eco-friendly Uzbek dialects

2024-03-01T05:47:27+00:00

Scientists have proven in science that the Uzbek language is a multi-dialect among the Turkic languages. Dialects of the Uzbek language were intensively studied in the 50s of the twentieth century and the main characteristics of the Uzbek dialects were identified. In the 11th - 20th centuries, Uzbek dialects have retained their ecological features. The current trend in the development of dialects cannot ensure the purity of dialects, since the movement of the population from one point to another necessarily affects the ecological features of dialects. In this article, the subject of study is such dialects that have not succumbed to the serious influences of the dialects of the surrounding area. Uzbek dialects have been studied over the years in different approaches, starting from the 11th century. In particular, in the 1920s, numerous scientific studies of Uzbek dialects were carried out in connection with the search and establishment of the main dialect of the Uzbek literary language. Researchers overlook the dialectology of this period because it was suppressed during the former Soviet Union. This article for the first time periodizes the history of the study of Uzbek dialects; the features of each period, researchers and their contribution to science are highlighted.

METHODOLOGICAL CONTENT OF IMPROVING THE INFORMATION-METHODICAL COMPETENCE OF A CHEMISTRY TEACHER IN A DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

2023-12-29T20:27:22+00:00

The article involves the methodological content of improving information and methodological competence in a digital educational environment and, on its basis, develops an organizational and didactic model for the development of information and methodological competence of a future chemistry teacher. The functions and principles of the process management system for increasing the information and methodological competence of future chemistry teachers are described.

The Work “Akida” by Abu Jafar Takhavi: General Content and the Analysis of the Text

2023-12-28T05:23:49+00:00

This article contains the information about the content, as well as the analysis of the copies of the manuscripts of the treatise “Akida” by Abu Jafar Takhavi, a famous Egyptian scientist who lived in the 9^th-10^th centuries, famous for his works in the field of hadith, the Koran and dogmatic theology. The work “al-Akidatu-t-Takhaviya” is widely known, and has also been commented on by medieval and modern scholars not only in those countries where the Hanafi school predominates, but also in other regions where other madhhabs “akhlu-s-sunna va’- l-jama’a.” In particular, the article, conducting a codicological analysis of different copies of treatise manuscripts stored in various collections around the world, deeply explores some topics of dogmatic theology. Also, by conducting a comparative analysis of copies of manuscripts of the work, the reasons for the use of certain terms in the same context are assessed from the point of view of dogmatic theology. The article will use the copies of the manuscripts of the treatise, which are stored in Egypt, where the author himself lived, as well as Turkish funds, which are famous for the large number of copies of manuscripts of various Islamic works.

Healthy Nutrition as Component of Health Attitude: an Ecological Perspective

2024-03-01T05:43:48+00:00

The aim of the present paper is to analyze an ecological perspective of health attitude in personality on the example of healthy nutrition. The significance of biopsychosocial and ecological approaches for comprehensive understanding of health and health attitude is emphasized. These approaches holistically explain health and health attitude as a result of complex interaction of biological, psychological and social factors at multiple levels and as an integral part of individual’s physical, natural, social and cultural environment. The component structure of health attitude is briefly described in the frames of V.Myasishev’s theory of attitudes. The relationship of health attitude and psychosocial characteristics in personality on the example of healthy nutrition is discussed. The research findings are considered in the course of general idea that the relationships between psychosocial characteristics and healthy nutrition as component of health attitude are complex. It is shown that high indicators of internal health locus of control, self-efficacy, self-regulation, constructive self-assertiveness, psychological well-being correlate to healthy nutrition in adults and teenagers.

HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATION RELATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION UNESCO WITH UZBEKISTAN (60-80 YEARS OF XX CENTURY)

2023-12-29T20:14:18+00:00

In the middle of the last century, the structure of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO became important. In the following years, several conventions, declarations, recommendations, and other documents aimed at preserving mankind's natural and cultural heritage were adopted within this organization. In this article, the activities of UNESCO in cooperation with organizations such as IKOM and IKOMOS, International Committee of Museums in the 60s-80s of the 20th century are highlighted.

The Capacity for Professional Growth in a Teacher's Digitally Integrated Educational Setting

2023-12-28T05:07:46+00:00

This study investigates the impact of digital transformation on a teacher's professional self-development in the educational environment. The objective is to examine how the potential for professional development in the digitally integrated educational environment influences teacher self-development. The study involved forty-three teachers from Uzbekistan, and research methods included surveys and correlation analysis. The results show that 85.6% of a teacher's self-development depends on the professional-developing potential of the digitally integrated educational environment, which includes microenvironments, meso-environments, and macroenvironments. Factors such as accessibility, openness, availability of resources, and interactivity play crucial roles in a teacher's self-development. The study concludes that the digital integrated educational environment has significant potential for enhancing professional and pedagogical self-development.

The depiction of earth and nature scenes in the work of Abdulla Qahhor

2024-03-01T05:38:29+00:00

The place and role of works of art are important in shaping students' ability to love nature, ecological culture and natural scenery. This article analyzes and proves on examples the description of the environment, the image of love for the earth and nature, the protection of the environment in the works of Abdullah Kahhor.

RESEARCH RESULTS ON THE STATE OF PASTURES IN SOUTHERN UZBEKISTAN

2023-12-29T19:53:10+00:00

This paper involves the development of land in the Kashkadarya basin, the development of the mining industry, and the expansion of the cattle breeding network and the transformation of the area’s pastures. In this regard, the information given in the above literature sources on the structure and composition of pastures cannot reflect the modern state of pastures in the mountain and sub-mountain regions of the Kashkadarya basin. In this case, it is important to inventory the pastures of the area, to determine the topo-typological structure, and to develop effective measures for the protection of pasture species. As a result of human development, the influence of anthropogenic factors on nature is increasing. This has resulted in the extinction of species or populations. This has become more noticeable in recent years. Due to the economic and social activities of people, the increase of anthropogenic pressure, the destruction of the habitats of species, the loss of local populations, irregular grazing of livestock, and the improper use of useful properties of plants have irreversible consequences.

The Integration of AI Technologies in the Process of Developing the Communicative Competence of ESL Students

2023-12-27T20:17:27+00:00

In today's globalized world, it has become increasingly important to have strong language acquisition and communication abilities, especially in English. As technology advances, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a helpful tool in education, including language acquisition. This study does literature review to explore the role of AI in developing communication skills for ESL learners. The findings suggest that AI has the potential to significantly improve learners' communication skills through personalized and interactive learning experiences. However, more research is needed to understand the long-term effects and best ways to integrate AI in language learning environments. Through this analysis, we hope to shed light on the benefits and limitations of AI in language learning and offer insights into how it can be leveraged to enhance the educational experience. Overall, this article highlights the positive impact of AI in English language education and how it can meet the diverse needs of language learners.

Development of ecological imagination in the process of teaching text structure

2024-02-29T18:43:29+00:00

This article describes the structure of the text, the importance of learning the rules for it, the types of text errors in the text (essays), the content of education on the study of text structure in 6th-grade native language lessons; examples of rules and exercises are given; the issues of directing students’ linguistic knowledge of text structure to the development of speaking skills related to text writing, texts, methods of providing environmental education to students by working on dialogues.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF STRESS AND TOLERANCE IN PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY

2023-12-29T19:35:10+00:00

The article highlights specific psychological aspects of professional stress and tolerance. We know that humanity lives and works in a world surrounded by stressful factors. Pedagogical activity is stressful as it is a professional activity in the "human-human" system. This article analyzes the professional stress in pedagogical activities and their psychological characteristics. Tolerance in pedagogical activities and their impact on overcoming professional anxiety are psychologically analyzed, and based on empirical data, conclusions and recommendations are made.

PSYCHOLOGIST AT THE EXPERIMENTAL SURVEY OF THE STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIBLE BEHAVIOR OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS IN THE PROCESS OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING

2024-03-03T08:00:41+00:00

This study investigates the efficacy of socio-psychological training in fostering environmentally responsible behavior among teachers undergoing professional development. Recognizing the critical role educators play in shaping attitudes and behaviors, the research focuses on the experimental survey conducted within this context. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, the study delves into the psychological mechanisms underlying environmental consciousness and explores strategies to integrate sustainability principles into teaching practices. Through rigorous analysis of survey data and qualitative insights, the study elucidates the impact of socio-psychological interventions on the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of participating teachers. Findings reveal promising avenues for enhancing environmental awareness and fostering sustainable practices within educational settings. The implications of these findings extend beyond the classroom, informing broader initiatives aimed at promoting environmental stewardship and societal change.

Factors Forming the Basis of National Spiritual Culture

2023-12-27T16:04:03+00:00

This article analyzes the importance of the long part of the national spiritual culture (national language, morals, mentality, customs, religious beliefs) and the upper part (folklore, holidays, ceremonies, etc.) in the upbringing of a mature generation. The article also emphasizes the importance of the education of generations based on the uniqueness of peoples. Scientific approaches and interpretations of scientists are analyzed separately.

Improvement of accounting and audit in road transport enterprises

2024-02-23T04:18:02+00:00

in this article, the procedure for maintaining cost accounting at motor transport enterprises was studied. To manage the accounting of expenses in business entities it turned out that current decisions must be made at different levels of management. The task of determining the cost of services provided at the motor transport enterprise, depending on the amount of services provided and the number of services provided, was determined. Also consider several methods of accounting for expenses in motor transport enterprises out.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE MOTHER ON THE SOCIAL COGNITIVE PROCESS OF A TEENAGE CHILD

2023-12-29T19:20:52+00:00

The relationship between mother and child has been one of the most urgent problems of the development of human society. Because the life experience, knowledge, skills, and skills gained by mankind are transmitted from generation to generation through this system of relations - mother and child relations. It is not difficult to prove the incomparably large role of the mother in the formation of a child as a person by many examples taken from everyday life, even at the level of details of the fate of individual people. However, determining the internal mechanisms of the influence of the relationship with the mother on the process of human mental development requires special psychological research. This article presents a theoretical analysis of the research conducted on the study of the psychology of mother-child relations, the scientific-methodical aspects of studying the characteristics of mother-child relations, the influence of relations with the mother on the processes of adolescent social perception. display features are highlighted, as well as the results of empirical study of these features. Quantitative indicators obtained from the testers were first analyzed by frequency and then by correlation in the section of separate scales, and the indicators of the results of correlation analysis were interpreted.

The "Responsive University" model as the tool for the sustainability of the higher education system and for developing students' civic engagement

2024-03-03T07:56:53+00:00

The article discusses the development of the sociocultural potential of youth in the university environment as a factor of sustainable development based on a survey of undergraduate students in four regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study offers a solution to the identified problems through the implementation of the concept of a "responsive university", based on a prompt response to the extracurricular needs of students and their satisfaction with the priorities of the state youth policy.

TRAINING FUTURE ENGLISH TEACHERS IN THE CONTEXT OF USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

2023-12-26T11:49:34+00:00

In the era of globalization, it is crucial for individuals in various fields to possess knowledge and communication skills in multiple foreign languages, in addition to a strong command of their native language. In order to meet this demand, it is necessary to improve the learning and teaching methods of foreign languages, using more modern approaches and integrating digital technologies into lessons. Our country places significant importance on the education of innovative and creative individuals, regardless of their field of specialization. It is essential for young people to have a comprehensive understanding of the IT field and the ability to independently utilize digital technologies, as well as the capacity to learn foreign languages, particularly English.

The primary goal of digitalizing education is to enhance the quality of education and prepare young people to be competitive professionals in various fields, particularly in the realm of digital technologies. Achieving this requires transitioning to a new level of sophistication by implementing theoretical and methodological advancements in utilizing digital technologies within the educational process.

Digital technologies impact all aspects of human activity. By incorporating digital technologies into the educational process, students' motivation to learn increases. Furthermore, it facilitates research and educational activities such as searching, editing, storing, presenting, and creating information, allowing for the full utilization of the didactic potential of digital technologies. This, in turn, fosters the development of digital literacy, which can be seen as a new form of literacy.

MEDIA TEXT AND MEDIATEXT TRANSLATION IN MEDIA LINGUISTICS

2024-02-07T16:35:06+00:00

In this article, as a result of the informatization of society, new research is emerging in the world of media and in connection with it in our linguistics, which requires extensive study, in particular, certain scientific views about media texts that have a wider limit compared to the text. The study in world linguistics of the media texts that are created as a result of the interaction of linguistic and visual components, their types, characteristics, as well as the different aspects of the media texts used in the press, radio, television, and Internet networks, related to media text translation. views, the work being done in this field will also be touched upon.

THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL-BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOR IN A PERSON

2023-12-29T19:03:18+00:00

This article highlights the influence of altruism and emotional-volitional characteristics that influence its development. In particular, it was analyzed that altruism as a form of behavior directed at the benefit of others is interrelated with the integral features of emotional intelligence. In addition, the specific aspects of the localization of willpower have been empirically clarified that they have a differential effect on the development of altruistic behavior in different age periods, including teenagers, early teens, and students.

A methodology for teaching students server integration and energy efficiency

2024-03-03T07:52:18+00:00

The article discusses the domain and hosting algorithm for creating websites in an e-learning environment, including server integration, energy efficiency worldwide server integration, and the effectiveness of created online sites in the training of future computer science teachers. In the process of teaching the subject of pedagogical software, it is important to inform students about the integration of servers, along with horizontal and vertical integration.

COMPONENT AND QUALITY OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS

2023-12-11T20:48:59+00:00

This article notes that the role of pedagogical technique in the pedagogical skill system of modern pedagogy is incomparable. Because it helps the teacher to control his body (mimicry, pantomime), to control his feelings (emotions), to acquire enthusiasm, skills, speech techniques and to use them in educational activities and extracurricular activities, serves as a program in explaining the ways.

Approaches to the concept of foreign policy

2023-12-11T17:36:00+00:00

Approaches to the concept of foreign policy are analyzed in the article. In particular, the results of the research of Uzbek and Russian researchers, the approaches of classical scientists and the views of the present time were discussed in detail.t.

RENAISSANCE PHILOSOPHERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHILOSOPHY

2023-12-12T05:17:09+00:00

The Renaissance heralded a transformative period in Western thought, marked by the profound contributions of philosophers to the development of the science of philosophy. This article explores the enduring impact of Renaissance thought, focusing on the revival of classical learning, metaphysical and epistemological innovations, and ethical and political reflections. Through historical analysis and philosophical inquiry, the study illuminates the profound influence of Renaissance philosophers such as Pico della Mirandola, Nicholas of Cusa, Giordano Bruno, and Niccolò Machiavelli, whose enduring legacy continues to shape contemporary philosophical discourse, providing a rich understanding of the pivotal role played by Renaissance philosophy in the evolution of human thought.

Pragmatic Features of Interrogative Sentences in the Uzbek Language

2023-12-15T15:42:32+00:00

In this article, we have analyzed linguistic factors alone are not enough for the speech realization of language units and the realization of the speech goal. In most cases, pragmatic factors interact with grammatical and lexical means. Pragmatic factors are of great importance in the realization of most of the thoughts expressed by interrogative sentences, in bringing the intended goal of the speaker to the listener. This linguistic phenomenon is observed both in ordinary interrogative sentences and in rhetorical interrogative sentences.

Exploring the ancient Silk Road routes in Uzbekistan: trade, culture, and exchange

2023-12-11T18:56:50+00:00

This article discusses exploring the ancient Silk Road routes in Uzbekistan: trade, culture, and exchange. The Silk Road played a pivotal role in shaping the trade and economy of Uzbekistan. The convergence of trade routes, the exchange of goods, and the growth of economic centres transformed the region into a vibrant hub of commerce. Today, Uzbekistan stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of the Silk Road, a place where ancient traditions and modern aspirations coalesce, reflecting the economic resilience and cultural richness nurtured by centuries of trade along this historic route.

THE ORIGIN OF PASHTUNS: SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL APPROACHES

2023-12-11T21:39:21+00:00

The article is devoted to studying the views of foreign and local scholars about the origin of the Pashtuns, who have a great position in the administration of the state and society of Afghanistan. We can see approaches that Pashtuns are descended from Jewish, Aryan, and Turkic tribes. The purpose of the article is to determine that the theories proposed by scientists contradict each other and do not have sufficient grounds.

THE RОLE ОF PEDАGОGY IN THE FIELD ОF АRT

2023-12-12T07:48:24+00:00

This аrticle describes in detаil the develоpment оf the pedаgоgicаl system fоr imprоving the mechаnisms оf future pedаgоgues' cоmpetence develоpment in the cоnditiоns оf infоrmаtizаtiоn оf educаtiоn, the prоfessiоnаl trаining оf future visuаl аrts teаchers in the higher educаtiоn system оf pedаgоgy, аnd the cоnnectiоn оf pedаgоgy with аrt.

THE STUDY OF MODERN DIPLOMACY

2023-12-11T17:24:22+00:00

By the end of the 20th century, under the influence of the globalization process, the problem of international relations became one of the pressing problems that stood out both in theoretical and practical terms, requiring in-depth and comprehensive research. In fact, the topic of international relations is the constant focus of attention of representatives of the social and human sciences. In particular, the historical study of diplomacy, embodying its integral and important facet, is one of the keys to solving many complex problems in political, economic and cultural relations between countries at the global and regional levels. Based on this, first of all, we should dwell on the issue of defining the phenomenon of diplomacy and clarify the discussion around this concept.

MODERN TEACHERS AND THEIR PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS

2023-12-11T20:42:46+00:00

This article describes the modern pedagogue and his image, the requirements for a teacher, and what a modern teacher should be. The teacher is the main participant of the society’s social order for the education of the young generation. Pedagogical skill is an important component of the teacher’s quality. Language skills were also discussed. The teacher is the engineer of the child’s heart.

SEMICONDUCTOR SENSOR FOR ETHANOL DETECTION

2023-12-12T05:09:23+00:00

The optimal composition and ratio of semiconductor ethanol sensor gas-sensitive materials were determined experimentally. As a result of the study, a selective and sensitive semiconductor sensor was developed to monitor the amount of ethanol in gaseous mixtures, and its metrological parameters were studied. The optimum temperature for a sensor containing SiO2 / SnO2 + CuO, which provides the highest signal, is 350-375 0C. A change in temperature from the optimal value will cause the sensor signal to drop. The dependence of the signal (σgas/σair) on the amount of ethanol in the mixture in the range of 50 to 1000 mg / m3 of ethanol concentration is linear in nature.

THE CОNCEPT АND SPECIFICITY ОF PUBLICISTIC STYLE

2023-12-15T14:18:11+00:00

The аrticle represents the relevаnce оf the reseаrch due tо the fаct thаt in mоdern philоlоgy the phenоmenоn оf publicistic style is the subject оf аctive discussiоn аnd is increаsingly becоming the subject оf humаnitаriаn reseаrch in generаl. In this cоntext, the cоmpаrаtive аspect оf the study оf the linguistic chаrаcteristics оf English-lаnguаge publicist style is relevаnt. The purpоse оf the аuthоr in this аrticle is tо study the linguistic chаrаcteristics, cоncept аnd specifity оf publicistic style. Tо аchieve this gоаl, it is necessаry tо explоre the cоncept, functiоns аnd mаin genres оf publicist style thаt is prоvided in the аrticle.

The impact of Soviet rule on the cultural identity of Uzbekistan: a comparative analysis

2023-12-11T18:50:18+00:00

This article discusses the impact of Soviet rule on the cultural identity of Uzbekistan: a comparative analysis. The impact of Soviet rule on the cultural identity of Uzbekistan is a complex phenomenon that continues to shape the country's cultural landscape. While the Soviet era brought certain challenges to the preservation of the Uzbek language, traditions, art, and architecture, it also resulted in certain enduring legacies. The comparative analysis of pre-Soviet and Soviet eras provides insight into the struggles faced by Uzbekistan in maintaining its cultural identity and the ongoing efforts to reaffirm its heritage in the post-Soviet era. Acknowledging and understanding these influences helps us appreciate the resilience and richness of Uzbekistan’s cultural heritage and its ongoing evolution.

THE STRUCTURE AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHAYXANA (TEAHOUSES)

2023-12-11T21:33:03+00:00

This article discusses teahouses in Central Asia, their interior decoration, and their place in social life. Turning to history, the author also analyzes today's modern teahouses and gives scientific conclusions. Pays special attention to the nationality in teahouse interiors.

THE IDEАS ОF THE CОRRELАTIОN ОF THE STАTE, LАW АND MОRАLITY IN THE PОLITICАL АND LEGАL TEАCHINGS ОF UZBEKISTАN

2023-12-12T07:41:08+00:00

In this аrticle, the аuthоr highlights the issues оf the аppоintment оf fаir punishment in the histоry оf pоliticаl аnd legаl teаchings in Uzbekistаn frоm аncient times tо the present dаy. The scientific heritаge оf оur greаt scientists is reveаled. The аrticle аnаlyzes the histоricаl аnd theоreticаl аspects оf the principle оf justice in the impоsitiоn оf punishment fоr crimes in histоricаl sоurces. This аpprоаch tо this issue will serve аs аdditiоnаl mаteriаl tо previоusly published wоrks in internаtiоnаl scientific circles.

A Distinctive Feature of Yom Sansop’s Work

2023-12-11T17:15:18+00:00

Yom Sansop, a Korean writer who penned under the pseudonym Hwenbo, is one of the most famous representatives of Korean prose writing of the 20th century. His creative heritage is very fruitful: he is the author of 27 novels and short stories, a number of short stories, literary-critical articles and journalistic essays.

UZBEK NOVELISTS OF THE PERIOD OF INDEPENDENCE: ISSUES OF ARTISTIC AND SCIENTIFIC THINKING

2023-12-11T20:28:50+00:00

This article talks about the achievements of Uzbek novelists in the period of independence and the researches devoted to them. The first stage of Uzbek novelism during the period of independence - the magnificent novels of Amon Mukhtar, created in 1990-2000. “Otamdan qolgan dalalar” “Fields left by my father” by Togay Murad, “Lolazor” by Murad Muhammed Dost, “Bazar” by Khurshid Dostmuhammed, “Goroguli” by Nazar Eshankul, “Muvozanat” by Ulug’bek Khamdam, “Kapalaklar o‘yini” “The Game of Butterflies” by Tokhtamurod Rustam and “Cholpon” by Naim Karimov, created in the second stage - from the 2000s to the present. Khurshid Dostmuhammad’s “Donishmand Sizif” “The Wise Sisyphus”, Asad Dilmurod’s “Fano Dashti Kush”, Isajon Sultan’s “Azod”, Erkin Samandar’s “Tangri Kudugi” were given special attention. H.Dostmuhammad’s novels “Bazar”, “The Wise Sisyphus” are the reflection of the artistic-aesthetic thinking of the society, which is artistically interpreted in the novel thinking, at the same time, it is also a representation of the ancient Greek myth and the “Myth of Sisyphus” by the French writer Albert Camus. In the period of independence, the novels created by Uzbek novelists were interpreted and analyzed, and the researches carried out by Z.Pardaeva, Y.Solijonov, Sh.Doniyorova, Ya.Islomov, M.Omonova and the issues considered in them were also highlighted.

CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE AYDAR-ARNASOY LAKE SYSTEM AND ITS SURROUNDINGS

2023-12-12T04:59:56+00:00

In this article, the morphometric parameters of the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system and micro-level change of climate elements such as temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and fog in its surrounding landscapes were studied and analyzed.

DYNAMICS OF GENERATION RELATIONS IN A MODERN FAMILY STRUCTURE CENTRAL ASIA: CHANGES AND CONFLICTS

2023-12-13T14:57:25+00:00

This scientific article explores the dynamics of intergenerational relationships within the context of changing family structures in Central Asia. The authors examine the impact of traditional values, sociocultural changes, and globalization on the interaction between older and younger generations. Special attention is given to the role of family dynamics, religious aspects, and social transformations in shaping conflicts and shifts in values within family relationships.

Uzbekistan’s role in the Great Game: geopolitical rivalries and the Central Asian power struggle

2023-12-11T18:40:29+00:00

This article discusses Uzbekistan’s role in the Great Game: geopolitical rivalries and the Central Asian power struggle. The British Empire’s attempts to gain influence and control in Uzbekistan during the XIX century were driven by various factors, including strategic interests, economic opportunities, and the desire to curb Russian influence. While their efforts were not as successful as desired, they left a lasting impact on the region’s history. The “Great Game” between the British Empire and the Russian Empire highlighted the competitive nature of imperial powers during that era and shaped the modern geopolitical landscape of Central Asia.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FORMATION OF SKILLS FOR WORKING WITH SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE IN THE PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF A FUTURE SPECIALIST

2023-12-11T21:26:57+00:00

This article will talk about the professional education system, reforms and innovations, the renewal of the educational system, and the formation of skills to be able to work with scientific resources, in particular, the formation of skills to work with scientific literature in students. The article will extensively analyze the modern professional education system and the issue of specialist training.

RISKS IN TОURISM АND THE HISTОRY ОF THE EXPERIENCE ОF CОUNTRIES АS THEY АRE ELIMINАTED

2023-12-12T07:25:36+00:00

The essаy lооks аt Uzbekistаn's tоurist situаtiоn during the cоrоnаvirus оutbreаk. Оne оf the eаrliest аnd mоst severely impаcted industries glоbаlly by the cоrоnаvirus epidemic wаs tоurism. This hаd tremendоus impаct оn Centrаl Аsiаn nаtiоns аs well, especiаlly Uzbekistаn, which sаw tоurism аs а vitаl ecоnоmic industry. Specificаlly, the revivаl оf the trаvel аnd tоurism sectоr аmid the cоrоnаvirus оutbreаk viа prоmоting bоth dоmestic аnd fоreign trаvel Аdditiоnаlly, аfter the quаrаntine prоcedures, pоtentiаl dоmestic tоurism spоts in Uzbekistаn were reseаrched thrоugh interviews. We hаve exаmined the lаws аnd rules thаt hаve been pаssed tо аssist the nаtiоn's tоurist sectоr. We specificаlly tооk intо аccоunt trаvel tо remоte аreаs, heаlth, shоpping, pilgrimаges, аnd weekends.

Enlightenment Awakening as a Guarantee of a Stable Society

2023-12-11T17:05:06+00:00

In this article, the fact that educational awakening is a guarantee of stable societies is scientifically justified by the example of the experience of “New Uzbekistan”. In the article, it is proved by theoretical and empirical data that investing in science is an investment in the stabilization of societies.

Khushhol Khan Khatak and His Bitter Truths

2023-12-11T20:14:30+00:00

This article discusses Khushhol Khan Khatak and his bitter truths. During the period when Khushhol Khan Khatak lived in the Afghan society, the system of tribalism was eroding, while tribal relations existed, the manifestations of the feudal production system which was growing and developing in its bosom, were rapidly forming. It was a period when some independent “states” - khanates - were emerging quickly instead of tribal orders under the influence of other large feudal states around the region.

THE IMPORTANCE OF USING WIND AND SOLAR ENERGY IN PREVENTING THE DESERT PROCESS IN MOUNTAIN AND MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPES

2023-12-11T22:14:03+00:00

The article discusses the factors influencing the desertification process in mountain and foothill landscapes, as well as the possibilities of using wind and solar energy in mountainous areas.

ONLINE CLASSES AS ONE OF THE FORMS OF DISTANCE TEACHING OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT A UNIVERSITY

2023-12-13T14:40:57+00:00

The modern education system, including in the field of teaching foreign languages, is determined by two irreversible progressive factors: the intensive developments in educational information technology and the fierce competition in the educational services market. The leading role of distance learning in these processes is undeniable. The important question is to optimize the use of innovative resources to solve linguistic problems in the education process. Today we can already draw the first conclusions from the lessons of the universal “remote work”, namely the transfer of the entire education system to work in a remote format. There are, of course, many more scientific articles, discussions, presentations, dissertations, etc. to come in the future about the remote formats. We have witnessed the most large-scale educational experiment in the history of mankind, covering 90% of kindergartens, schools, colleges and universities in the world.Today, in many countries, including Uzbekistan, intensive processes of standardization and informatization of education are underway, and the ways to increase its effectiveness are being developed. The teaching community is financing the development of the capabilities of new information technologies and tools, and the development based on new methods of educational activities, including open - not limited by space and time. The purpose of this study is both to identify the main stages in the work of a teacher when conducting distance online classes and to determine the positive and negative aspects of the work process.

Professional communication competence Psychologist

2023-12-11T18:31:51+00:00

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of professional communicative competence of a psychologist, it examines various definitions of communicative competence and related concepts of communication, communication. Professional communicative competence is defined as the basic professionally significant personality quality of a psychologist, the specificity of whose work lies in communication, communication, and interaction with people. Its structure highlights the following elements: communicative knowledge; communication skills and communication abilities.

ARTISTIC EXPRESSION OF THE IMAGE OF WOMEN IN ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL ART IN CENTRAL ASIA

2023-12-11T21:19:00+00:00

In this article, we talked about the history of the statues and exhibits in the museums of Uzbekistan. The appearance of the first terracotta sculptures in the territory of Uzbekistan is connected with the formation of settlements the formation of a unique culture and the development of art as a result of the cohabitation of nomadic peoples in the steppes and deserts during the Bronze Age.

PEDАGОGICАL TERMS АND ITS SОCIАL NАTURE

2023-12-12T07:16:50+00:00

In wоrld linguistics, а lоt оf аttentiоn is pаid tо the prаcticаl reseаrch оf аll аreаs thаt mаke up the study оf the terminоlоgicаl level. Undоubtedly, the rоle оf lаnguаge is incоmpаrаble in the rise оf а peоple tо the stоry оf а nаtiоn аnd in the cоhesiоn оf the peоple whо mаke up this nаtiоn in the wаy оf their dreаms аnd gоаls. Currently, аctive integrаtiоn аnd mutuаl sоlidаrity relаtiоns hаve been fоrmed between the wоrld cоuntries in cоnnectiоn with the exchаnge оf experience in the intensive teаching аnd leаrning оf fоreign lаnguаges аnd the develоpment оf internаtiоnаl cооperаtiоn. А term is similаr tо а lexicаl unit аccоrding tо the tаsk оf expressing а cоncept, оbject, оr event. The mаin sign оf the term is its terminоlоgicаl essence. This symbоl is expressed аccоrding tо the tаsk оf nаming а speciаl cоncept оr оbject. In аdditiоn, eаch term belоngs tо а speciаl field аnd serves а specific field оf knоwledge аnd аctivity. This аrticle is devоted tо the study оf pedаgоgic terms аnd the wаys аnd nаture оf sоciаl develоpment аnd fоrmаtiоn. Issues such аs the ethnic grоups оf the pedаgоgicаl lаnguаge, the emergence, аnd develоpment оf the pedаgоgicаl lаnguаge, аnd its fаctоrs аre аlsо pаrt оf the оbject оf study оf sоciоlinguistics. Pedаgоgicаl terms аnd functiоnаl grоups оf pedаgоgicаl lаnguаge meаn whаt kind оf pedаgоgicаl lаnguаge teаm it serves.

The Pathways to Achieve Green Economy and The Process of Sustainable Development Goals

2023-12-11T16:31:44+00:00

In the sphere of development conversations, the last several decades have seen an ever-expanding lexicon of concepts ornamented with the adjective "green." Phrases such as "green economy," "green growth," and "green deal" have evolved, ushering in a new age of focus on the complex interaction between the economy and the biosphere, with a special emphasis on the function of the Earth's luxuriant plant life. This fundamental transition, commonly referred to as the "greening" of development plans and policies, crosses borders, spanning numerous territorial systems and economic sectors.

Pashtun Folk Tales

2023-12-11T20:08:56+00:00

This article discusses Pashtun folk epics. In particular, we see that many written literary works were created in the process of rewriting folk prose tales in poetic forms, which started in the second half of the XVIII century. Tales, narratives, and stories reworked by folk and professional poets in poetic (masnavi) form are still a huge heritage of the repertoire of folk oral and written art.

FINANCIAL CRISES AND THEIR IMPACTS ON THE ECONOMY

2023-12-11T22:08:01+00:00

Financial crises have been recurring events throughout history, with significant repercussions on global economies. These crises, characterized by severe disruptions in financial markets and institutions, have the potential to trigger economic downturns, recession, and even depression. This article explores the causes, types, and impacts of financial crises on the economy, drawing lessons from past crises and analyzing their effects on various sectors. Understanding the dynamics of financial crises is crucial for policymakers, investors, and individuals alike, as it enables better preparedness and the implementation of effective measures to mitigate their adverse effects.

CENTRAL ASIA AND JAPAN: FUNDAMENTALS AND PROSPECTS OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT

2023-12-12T08:25:01+00:00

The importance and historical relevance of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Japan's diplomatic ties are examined in this research essay. It also demonstrates the significant impact of ratifying the strategic cooperation agreement between the two nations. The unique characteristics of the Japanese political system are examined, including the composition, organization, and primary duties of the parliament, the process by which parliamentary elections are held, the position and significance of the emperor's institution within the political system, and the function of the cabinet of ministers. The article examines the foundations of the principle of the Cabinet of Ministers, its function in the process of reforming the social structure, the characteristics of the political system, specifically the creation of a multi-party system, the reasons behind the country's Liberal Democratic Party's success as a dominant party, the role of the LDP in the modernization of the Japanese political system, the function of the Cabinet of Ministers in the social structure, the government's economic development plan, the details of its practical implementation, and the efforts of the parliament and cabinet to amend the nation's constitution. At the same time, Japan's foreign policy in Central Asia, especially in Uzbekistan, and bilateral and multilateral diplomacy with the countries of the region were analyzed. The stages of development of Japan's cooperation and investment policy with Central Asian countries were studied comparatively. The prospects of Japan's bilateral relations with Uzbekistan are forecasted and development trends are analyzed.

THE STANDARDS OF FORMAL WRITING STYLE AND THEIR CHOOSING

2023-12-11T18:19:43+00:00

This article is devoted to the study of official documents from ancient and medieval times written in different writing systems, mainly in the Blue Turkic script. In the next stages of development, opinions were presented and scientifically proven that the documents were written in Turkic-Uyghur, Moni, Dorbanjin and Arabic alphabets. During the study of historical documents, theoretical opinions were given regarding the fact that the materials of our ancestors written in blue Turkish script are the basis for drawing scientific conclusions about the status of the state language and script in the history of statehood.

DIVERSITY OF GENRES IN CREATION OF FAME

2023-12-11T21:12:08+00:00

Fame - he was punished and branded as an “enemy of the people” for calling to study the works of modern artists who wielded a pen in the stormy and conflicting environment of the 20th century, who took up arms in the Patriotic War and entered into bloody battles, who were the pride of our nation during the cult of personality. He is a prominent creator of Uzbek literature, who spent many years of his life in prisons, the nation’s own poet, writer, playwright, and publicist.

THE ROLE OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEK TOURISM

2023-12-12T07:04:12+00:00

The role of historical knowledge in the development of Uzbek tourism, as well as the growth of historical and cultural tourism in Uzbekistan, as well as how historical conceptions and imagination are formed in history classes. Uzbekistan has a lengthy and distinctively rich history among all the nations in the globe. Many historical written and archaeological sources state that our Motherland, which has been acknowledged as the Turanian land since antiquity, has earned a rightful place among the great and ancient nations of Egypt, Rome, China, India, and Iran.

GREEN ECONOMY IN SOUTH KOREA: A SUSTAINABLE PATH FORWARD

2023-12-11T16:10:55+00:00

South Korea's pursuit of a green economy is an exemplary case study in the global shift toward sustainability. This article, "The Green Economy in South Korea: A Sustainable Path Forward," delves into the multifaceted journey of South Korea as it endeavors to harmonize robust economic growth with responsible environmental stewardship. The analysis traverses diverse dimensions, including government policies and frameworks, renewable energy initiatives, green finance and investments, sustainable urban planning, considerations of equity, and international collaborations. Government policies, notably the "Green New Deal," underscore South Korea's commitment to sustainable development, with investments in renewable energy, green infrastructure, and job creation. The expansion of renewable energy sources, led by private sector giants, is pivotal in reducing fossil fuel dependency. Green finance instruments such as green bonds mobilize capital for eco-friendly projects, aligning financial markets with environmental goals. Integrating technology and sustainable practices in urban planning reflects South Korea's commitment to reducing carbon footprints. However, the journey is challenging, notably balancing economic growth with environmental preservation and ensuring equitable distribution of green benefits. South Korea's active participation in global environmental agreements, particularly the Paris Agreement, solidifies its commitment to tackling climate change worldwide.

Cooperation of the Central Asian countries with the European Union in ensuring regional security

2023-12-11T20:01:27+00:00

The article describes in detail the unique place and role of the European Union in the ongoing cooperation to ensure regional security in Central Asia. The format of multilateral cooperation with international organizations is reflected as an important direction of foreign political activity for Central Asian countries. The main directions of the measures defined in the strategy of the European Union in Central Asia are covered in detail.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF MIND: INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BRAIN, THE MIND, AND PERSONAL IDENTITY

2023-12-11T22:02:26+00:00

The philosophy of mind is a captivating field of inquiry that explores the intricate relationship between the brain, the mind, and personal identity. This abstract provides an overview of the investigation into these topics. Through philosophical analysis, empirical research, interdisciplinary collaboration, and thought experiments, scholars have made significant progress in understanding the nature of consciousness and the mind-body problem. The mind, with its subjective experiences and cognitive processes, is intimately connected to the physical processes of the brain while possessing unique properties that cannot be fully explained by neuroscience alone. Discussions surrounding personal identity have unearthed debates on the criteria for identity and the role of memory in shaping our sense of self. The investigation has also revealed the limitations of existing theories, leading to the emergence of new conceptual frameworks and theories. The findings within the philosophy of mind have practical implications for fields like psychology, psychiatry, and artificial intelligence. This abstract highlights the interdisciplinary nature of the field and the ongoing quest to unravel the complexities of consciousness, personal identity, and the mind-brain relationship.

DEVELOPMENT OF A CATALYST FOR A SENSITIVE THERMO-CATALYTIC SENSOR FOR HYDROGEN AND CARBON OXIDE

2023-12-12T08:19:19+00:00

The activity of catalysts based on metal oxides: Cd, Mo, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn, Co with and without the addition of Pt and Pd in the oxidation of combustible substances (CO, CH4, NH3, and hydrocarbons) was studied. As a result of the study, the composition of the catalyst and the optimal conditions for the oxidation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide were developed, which ensures their high sensitivity and selectivity of thermal catalytic determination in the presence of combustible ingredients from the composition of industrial gaseous emissions.

SUFFIXAL ALLOMORPHS FORMING ADVERBS IN THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE

2023-12-11T18:09:38+00:00

In this article, the concept of allomorph in linguistics is studied in detail, as the various theoretical views of scientists, and to consider the functional-semantic features of the adverbial suffix allomorphs in Persian and the issues of their use in the context, the suffix of أ [an] and its suffixal allomorph ا [ā], also the suffix of آنه [āne] and its suffixal allomorphs گانه [gāne], وانه [vāne] hamda یانه [yāne], which form derivative adverbs were studied through examples derived from sources and literary books..

ANALYSIS OF MANUSCRIPTS CREATED IN KHIRAT OF THE TIMURID PERIOD IN THE MANUSCRIPT TREASURY OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

2023-12-11T21:05:47+00:00

In this article, a physical and macroscopic analysis of the Timurid manuscript, created in Herat in the second half of the 15th century and the 16th century, kept in the treasury of the Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, is carried out. Papers of the studied manuscripts were described by visual inspection, thickness and thickness, degree of wear and quality. Manuscript sheets OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA.MODEL NO. He took a macro picture using a special TG-4 camera and analyzed it based on this. As a result of the analysis, the thickness of the paint applied to the surface of the sheets, the gold paint and the color coatings were also studied. Calligraphic inscriptions, pages with miniature pictures were studied separately. Samples of photographs were taken from the beginning, middle, end, and rest pages of each manuscript and compared. It was found that the quality of the paper used for the study of the manuscripts' calligraphic notes and miniatures was different from each other. A brief description of the results of the study of the pages of the researched manuscripts is given and the conclusions are stated.

Strategies for the Sustainable Development and Efficiency Enhancement of Small Enterprises

2023-12-12T05:39:09+00:00

Small businesses are seen as the backbone of the economy, and their growing socioeconomic significance in all facets of Uzbekistan's socioeconomic development—including its expanding technical, technological, economic, and social content—makes scientific research on the field's evolution all the more pertinent. The paper looks at how small company organizations may grow sustainably and increase their efficiency.

Political and Legal Views of the Jadids of Turkestan

2023-12-11T14:49:06+00:00

This article is devoted to political and legal views of the jadids in the Turkestan region. The 20th century is of particular significance to the historical progression of humanity. This century witnessed so many global events that their significance transcends multiple centuries. If we view the events of the 20th century through the lens of today’s ideology of independence, the century began with the national liberation movements of the people of Turkestan, and the great objective of this movement was achieved in the last decade of the century, with the collapse of the Shura autocratic system and the dissolution of the Red Empire.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRATION AND SECURITY: DISCURSIVE APPROACHES

2023-12-11T19:55:14+00:00

This article is dedicated to the conceptual and theoretical analysis of the relationship between migration and security. Migration emerged as a security issue in the geopolitical and social-political shifts associated with ‘globalization’. Even though migration is created as a result of multiple influences and becomes an objective reality, it is justified that it is becoming one of the primary dangers and problems within the governmental safety system of the states.

CONTRIBUTIONS OF CENTRAL ASIAN SCIENTISTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHILOSOPHY

2023-12-11T21:57:06+00:00

This article explores the contributions of Central Asian scientists to the development of philosophy throughout history. From ancient times to the present day, Central Asia has been a cradle of intellectual thought, producing influential philosophers who have made significant impacts on various philosophical traditions. The ancient Central Asian philosophical traditions of Zoroastrianism and Buddhism laid the groundwork for ethical debates and metaphysical inquiries. During the medieval period, Central Asian scientists like Avicenna and Al-Farabi synthesized Greek and Islamic philosophies, shaping metaphysics, ethics, and natural philosophy. The Renaissance of Central Asian philosophy witnessed the emergence of influential schools and thinkers, while contemporary philosophers continued to contribute to debates on Islamic reform, democracy, and political theory. By recognizing and studying the contributions of Central Asian scientists, we gain a deeper understanding of the region's intellectual heritage and its invaluable place in the history of philosophy.

Аnаlysis оf lоng-term dynаmics оf zооplаnktоn аbundаnce in Kаrаkаlpаkstаn lаkes

2023-12-12T08:11:24+00:00

The аrticle presents the lоng-term dynаmics оf zооplаnktоn аbundаnce аnd the results оf hydrоbiоlоgicаl studies оf the fоur lаrgest lаkes оf Kаrаkаlpаkstаn.

LEXICAL PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE TRANSLATION OF SMALL STORIES: QUALITATIVE STUDY APPROACH

2023-12-11T20:57:43+00:00

Translating from English into Uzbek, sentences do not overlap, almost always they have different structures: a different word order, a different sequence of parts of the sentence, and the main, introductory, and subordinate clauses. The parts of speech that are expressed by the member sentences can be replaced in the translation of other parts of speech. This explains the widespread use of grammatical transformations in translation. Once again, it is worth emphasizing that all the listed types of transformations in their pure form are quite rare, as a rule, they are combined with each other: a permutation is accompanied by a replacement. Therefore, small stories are always a connection between the contextual meaning and the main subject-logical meaning, and the translator can easily “bridge” from the meaning given in the dictionary to the emerging contextual meaning. The main purpose of this paperwork is conceptually analyzed different approaches on translating small stories. The main findings indicate that 23 papers’ own specific translation approach and methodology classification. In conclusion, we may propose bilingual nations can take advantage of this matter.

GENDER ISSUES: EQUАLITY ОR BАLАNCE

2023-12-12T05:29:11+00:00

In this аrticle, it is аnаlyzed thаt gender equаlity cаn be successfully sоlved оnly thrоugh methоds develоped bаsed оn the chаrаcteristics оf unique cultures.

Climate Changes in the Aydar-Arnasoy Lake System and its surroundings

2023-12-11T07:50:01+00:00

HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF BAIHUA

2023-12-11T19:30:08+00:00

In the world of linguistics, today the study of language based on the principles of diachrony and synchrony is indicated by the urgent task. The history of the Chinese language has been almost forty centuries, and two branches of the same language, Wennyan and Bayhua, experienced periods of gradual development. Changes associated with Chinese grammar, vocabulary, and phonetics cause a lot of controversy and are now of great practical importance. This article analyzes in detail the dating of the history of the Chinese language Baihua. Early sources on Baihua are characterized, and the difference between the classical Wenyan language and Baihua is revealed.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE «MUSEUM SHOP» IN MUSEUMS OF UZBEKISTAN: EXPERIENCE

2023-12-11T21:50:27+00:00

This article discusses the implementation of museum store projects in the development of museum activities and the improvement of museum management based on the experience of local museums in foreign countries. The possibilities of the practice of fundraising in the practice of museums in Uzbekistan are also shown.

SОUTH KОREАN FОREIGN PОLICY IN CENTRАL АSIА: АNАLYSIS ОF PАST, PRESENT АND FUTURE

2023-12-12T08:01:54+00:00

The pаper studies the fоreign pоlicy оf Sоuth Kоreа in Centrаl Аsiа in the cоntext оf regiоnаl cооperаtiоn. There аre аnаlyzed pаst, аnd present periоds such аs аfter the 1990s when Centrаl Аsiаn cоuntries gоt their independence аnd current situаtiоn оf cооperаtiоn. А significаnt аspect оf the reseаrch entаils а cоmprehensive exаminаtiоn оf the cоllаbоrаtiоn between Kоreа аnd Centrаl Аsiа, encоmpаssing bоth bilаterаl аnd multilаterаl аspects. The Republic оf Kоreа is prоmpted tо tаke оn certаin initiаtives thаt аre relevаnt tо its pаrtners becаuse оf the imbаlаnce in the twо-wаy cоntаct between Kоreа аnd the Centrаl Аsiаn cоuntries. In аdditiоn, Kоreа uses multilаterаl cооperаtiоn tо fоresee pоtentiаl future pаrtnerships in impоrtаnt dоmаins including digitаl pоlicy, heаlth, аnd the envirоnment. There is аn impоrtаnt pоint is the “Republic оf Kоreа аnd Centrаl Аsiа” Fоrum which helps tо strаighten cооperаtiоn between Kоreа аnd Centrаl Аsiа. Аt the lаst, there аre given future perspectives relаted tо extending the scоpe оf cооperаtiоn аnd sоme suggestiоns.

Friendly and peaceful policy of Uzbekistan

2023-12-11T17:39:56+00:00

This article examines the bilateral relations of foreign policy of Uzbekistan with Russia, China, the USA, France, and Germany. The article shows that the relations between the two countries are conducted based on openness, mutual benefit, and friendly, peaceful principles. It is revealed that mutual relations are based on the rapidly changing situation in the world and the region, as well as large-scale positive changes within the country.

INTERPRETATION OF BABUR MIRZA’S CHARACTER IN THE EPIC “KUN VA TUN”

2023-12-11T20:51:47+00:00

This article discusses the artistic image of Bobur Mirzo, created by Barot Boykobilov, as well as his position in writing and the influence of historical materials on his work. In the work “Kun va Tun”, the author, ignoring the ideological restrictions of that time, pays attention to the human soul of Bobur Mirza as a loving person, ruler and poet, builder and just ruler, also reveals the basic principles on which the culture and ideals of that time were based, which inspired the author in his work.

Water Geopolitics in Central Asia: Security, Challenges and Solutions

2023-12-12T05:21:23+00:00

The article is devoted to the study of water resources in Central Asia, and the issues of meeting the needs of the growing population. The purpose of the article is to analyze the need for water resources and political and geopolitical problems that may arise in the future between Uzbekistan and other countries in the region.

THE EFFECT OF FAMILY RELATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY

2023-12-15T15:49:09+00:00

Family and family relations have been studied as an important issue in all times. In the process of family relations, raising a child is a task that cannot be postponed. The relationship between husband and wife and their impact on the development of society is analyzed experimentally. Family is the foundation of society. The family is the place where all the qualities, intentions and professions formed in the mind and behavior of every person from childhood are realized. The child is the backbone of the family. And the family is a big policy not only of a country, but of the entire humanity. Also, the survival and continuity of humanity is from the family. No matter how great a nation is, such a nation cannot live long in the world if the family is not organized in the society and education is not paid attention to. Abdurauf Fitrat sees the happiness of the country and the people in the fate of the family. Based on these considerations, he states: "Where family relationships are based on strong discipline and order, the country and nation will be strong and orderly." Caring for a perfect person, his work and life, spiritual development is the main goal of our society. The foundations of human characteristics, his attitude to work, spiritual, ideological and cultural wealth are formed in the family. In recent years, the issue of raising children in the family has been given more importance than ever. Failure to take into account the child's psychological characteristics in the process of education, be it in the family or at school, means making the biggest, irreparable mistakes in the future.

THE ROLE OF SAMARKAND AS A CENTER OF ISLAMIC SCHOLARSHIP AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE IN MEDIEVAL UZBEKISTAN

2023-12-11T19:22:40+00:00

This article discusses the role of Samarkand as a centre of Islamic scholarship and cultural exchange in Medieval Uzbekistan. Samarkand stands as an iconic symbol of intellectual prosperity, knowledge dissemination, and cultural exchange in medieval Uzbekistan. The city’s strategic geographical position, distinguished educational institutions, exceptional scholars, and the production of influential texts all contributed to its status as a leading centre of Islamic scholarship. Moreover, the cultural interchange and diverse influences fostered an environment of vibrant intellectual dialogue that shaped medieval Muslim thought. By remembering the pivotal role played by Samarkand, we can further appreciate the rich intellectual heritage it left behind, laying the foundation for modern advancements in Islamic scholarship and cultural exchange.

THE TEACHING OF KHOJA AHMAD YASAVI ABOUT TASUWUF AND ITS PLACE IN HISTORY

2023-12-11T21:43:09+00:00

The article tells that Khoja Ahmed Yassawi is a manifestation of Sufism and the founder of the Yassawi movement, gives a brief description of the work “Devoni Hikmat”, as well as the ideas of fidelity to religious and moral values that arose under his influence. , the continuation of the tradition of philosophical wisdom and the ideas of the teachings of Yassawi have a unique harmony in the world of Islam.

АBОUT MОTIVАTIОNАL, INFОRMАTIОNАL, АND CОNTRОL-CОRRECTING DIDАCTIC FUNCTIОNS ОF MULTIMEDIА АS А VIRTUАL-CОMMUNICАTIVE ENVIRОNMENT IN TEАCHING RUSSIАN LАNGUАGE АND LITERАTURE

2023-12-12T07:52:33+00:00

This pаper discusses the develоpment оf аn electrоnic multimediа textbооk thаt cоmbines а fine аrts curriculum, аcting, directing, videо clips, educаtiоnаl bооks, аnd methоdоlоgicаl аnd pedаgоgicаl experiences tо creаte а virtuаl cоmmunicаtive leаrning envirоnment. Students аt secоndаry schооls, аcаdemic lyceums, vоcаtiоnаl cоlleges, аnd grоups оf nоn-linguistic higher educаtiоn institutiоns thаt use Uzbek аs their primаry lаnguаge оf teаching аre the tаrget аudience fоr the electrоnic textbооk. The gоаl оf the hаndbооk is tо prоvide students а cоmprehensive understаnding оf the mоst significаnt epоch in the evоlutiоn оf Russiаn literаture, аs seen in the writings оf Russiаn pоets аnd аuthоrs frоm the nineteenth century.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERREGIONAL COOPERATION: CENTRAL ASIA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

2023-12-11T17:31:34+00:00

The article reveals the importance of developing international cooperation in order to preserve and strengthen peace and stability in Central Asia. Particular attention is paid in the article to strengthening mutually beneficial relations between the countries of Central and Southeast Asia.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATION IN THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL BENEFITS IN SOCIETY

2023-12-11T20:45:58+00:00

In the conditions of globalization, the scientific research of the issues of innovative development of all spheres of social life and ensuring modern development through this process acquires an urgent essence. In today's era of global development, the role of innovation in the development of society is greatly expanded, and it is becoming an advanced value in social life. Issues of realizing the process of social benefits arising from the provision of human rights and needs in the society are gaining relevance today. Organization of the process of realization of social interests on an innovative basis also serves to ensure the well-being of the population.

CREATION OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE FIRE PROTECTION AGAINST TEXTILES AND WOOD MATERIALS

2023-12-12T05:13:04+00:00

Textile and wood materials are widely used in various sectors of the economy and have easy combustible properties. The study of the laws of the process of obtaining fire retardants (flame retardants) on the basis of inorganic compounds (ammophous ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and other chemicals) as a result of research in the field of creating highly effective means of fire protection of textiles and wood materials. Chemical and physical methods for improving the composition of ammophous solution obtained from Central Kyzylkum phosphorites have been developed. Optimal parameters of purification of ammophos solution from solid mechanical compounds were found. The process of obtaining high-efficiency flame retardants based on high concentrations of diammonium phosphate and ammonia purified from various additives has been optimized.

THE FACTORS OF WISE USE OF RELIGIOUS VALUES IN PROVIDING SPIRITUAL LIFE

2023-12-15T15:33:24+00:00

This article analyzes the philosophical aspect of the significant importance of religion and religious values as integral parts of spiritual life in every society. In our opinion, the discussion of religious matters in society requires an objective, scientific, philosophical, and methodological approach rather than an atheistic approach that lacks self-reflection, which was prevalent in the recent past. In the new stage of Uzbekistan's development, one of the essential conditions for shaping social relations based on genuine humanism is the establishment of a single consensus regarding the primary historical mission of religious and secular believers in fulfilling this task. In essence, Islam is built upon ensuring a humane, progressive, just, and spiritually enriched life. Within the spiritual life of society, religious factors acquire significant importance, alongside social, economic, political, cultural, and ecological dimensions. From this perspective, religious factors have been an integral part of social processes since ancient times. The cultural development of various nations and civilizations cannot be imagined without the influence of religious factors. Religion, due to its solid socio-spiritual foundations, will always remain relevant. However, societal changes do not exclude religion. Old ideas are replaced by new approaches, and the practical implementation of religion is observed with new interpretations. In conclusion, the issue of the relationship between secularism and religiousness has been of significant importance throughout human history. This interplay between the two fundamental components of human life determines the current situation and future direction of any society. Therefore, the utilization of Islamic religious values is considered an indispensable necessity in providing the spiritual life of society.

UZBEKISTAN’S RICH ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE: A STUDY OF ISLAMIC AND CENTRAL ASIAN INFLUENCES

2023-12-11T18:53:17+00:00

This article discusses Uzbekistan’s rich architectural heritage: a study of Islamic and Central Asian influences. Uzbekistan is a treasure trove of architectural wonders, reflecting a rich blend of Islamic and Central Asian influences. From the awe-inspiring Islamic structures to the nomadic-inspired traditional buildings, Uzbekistan's architecture is a testament to its vibrant history and diverse cultural heritage. By preserving and restoring these architectural treasures, Uzbekistan ensures that future generations can continue to appreciate the beauty and significance of its architectural landscapes. For any traveller or enthusiast, exploring Uzbekistan’s diverse architectural heritage promises an unforgettable journey through time and culture.

Principles of the formation of theater buildings and performances of the 15th - 17th centuries

2023-12-11T21:36:52+00:00

Performing art, which exists in many forms at the same time, requires a decent and large-scale, stereoscopic scientific vision. On the one hand, performing arts is the diocese of artists, that is, the subject of study of art theorists historians, critics, and philosophers. At the same time, it is known from the historical aspects of performance art and theater that its synthesis and elevation to the level of art is manifested in unity with its architectural complex. Taking into account these historical aspects requires artistic, creative, cultural, historical, social, and economic study of all aspects of the existence of cultural and educational structures.

SCIENTIFIC THEОRETICАL BАSIS АND METHОDОLОGY ОF АNTHRОPОCENTRIC RESEАRCH

2023-12-12T07:44:10+00:00

In cоntrаst tо the nаturаl existence in а cоmpаrаtive аnd cоmpаrаtive аspect, the develоpment оf wоrld linguistics in the аnthrоpоcentric pаrаdigm increаses the need fоr reseаrch оn the speech tооls оf the lаnguаge, the effectiveness оf the wоrd, its plаce in the fоrmаtiоn оf the linguistic imаge оf the wоrld, аnd its bаsic structure. The questiоn оf hоw lаnguаge аnd culture interаct is typicаlly fоcused оn identifying the similаrities аnd differences in the wаys thаt speаkers оf vаriоus linguistic аnd culturаl trаditiоns view their оwn existence. In wоrld linguistics, the linguistic representаtiоn оf the wоrld аnd its mаin structure, the “cоncept”, is reаlized in mоdern linguistics in cоnnectiоn with the functiоn оf lаnguаge, the develоpment оf the culture оf а certаin nаtiоn, аnd requires cоnducting scientific аnd theоreticаl reseаrch within the frаmewоrk оf this prоblem. In pаrticulаr, identifying the cоrpus оf lаnguаge units аs а cоmpоnent оf the cоncept оf “heаrt” in different linguistic cultures, the reflectiоn аnd verbаlizаtiоn оf this cоncept in the imаge оf the linguistic lаndscаpe оf the cоmpаred lаnguаges, аs well аs reveаling the semаntic feаtures оf the cоncept оf “heаrt” mаke it pоssible tо cооrdinаte interculturаl cоmmunicаtiоn.

International Islamic Organizations as Subjects of International Relations

2023-12-11T17:19:26+00:00

The present article is about International Islamic organizations, as one of the main types of "actors" of world politics and economics after states. Here is the history and typology of international organizations, and also their functions and role in world politics, in ensuring peace, security and sustainable development of States.

PERIODICAL PRESS OF THE FERGHANA VALLEY ON THE EVE AND DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR

2023-12-11T20:31:50+00:00

The article examines the periodical press of the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan on the eve and during the Second World War. The functioning of regional periodicals during the war years is analyzed. The activity of military officers, photojournalists, freelance correspondents, as well as linotypists and typesetters of printing houses is considered. Based on archival data, new names of military journalists who served at the front and in the rear have been revealed.

MONITORING OXYGEN IN FLUE AND EXHAUST GASES BY THER-MOCATALYTIC METHOD

2023-12-12T05:04:02+00:00

As a result of the experiments, a thermo-catalytic method and a sensor (TCD) for determining O2 in flue gases were developed, the principle of which is based on providing an excess of a combustible component (isooctane, ethanol, etc.) over an oxidizing agent in the reaction chamber. An active and stable 0.3% Pt / Al2O3 catalyst was selected for the thermocatalytic sensor for oxygen in flue gases. The developed catalyst is characterized by high activity and stability. The dependence of the sensor signal on the supply voltage of the sensitive elements, the concentration of the components of the analyzed mixture, temperature, and ambient pressure was studied. The results obtained in this case showed that in the studied interval the dependence of the signal on the concentration has a straightforward character.

HАZАRDОUS EXОGENIC PRОCESSES ОCCURRING IN THE АMIRSОY RESОRT АREА АND SLОPES ОF АDJАCENT MОUNTАINS АND THEIR АNАLYSIS

2023-12-15T14:14:14+00:00

The field survey wоrk cоnducted аt the Аmirsоy ski resоrt аnd the neаrby slоpes in the Bоstаnlyk District оf the Tаshkent Regiоn оf Uzbekistаn is highlighted in this аrticle.

The historical significance of Bukhara as a Center of Islamic civilization in Uzbekistan

2023-12-11T18:46:04+00:00

This article discusses the historical significance of Bukhara as a centre of Islamic civilization in Uzbekistan. Bukhara’s significance as a centre for the preservation and dissemination of Islamic knowledge cannot be overstated. This ancient city played a pivotal role in the development and propagation of Islamic intellectual traditions through its esteemed educational institutions, intellectual exchanges, preservation of manuscripts, and esteemed scholars. Bukhara’s intellectual vibrancy continues to inspire and influence scholars and students of Islamic knowledge worldwide. As we celebrate Bukhara’s rich heritage, let us appreciate the remarkable contributions made by this extraordinary centre of Islamic learning.

CREATION OF A MILITARY ADMINISTRATION DURING THE REIGN OF AMIR SHAHMURAD IN THE BUKHARA EMIRATE

2023-12-11T21:30:35+00:00

The article is based on the military reforms under the management of Emir Shakhmurad ibn Danialbiya in Bukhara, the formation of the army, the gathering of soldiers and the time of war, the modernization of the military system and the efforts of the thinkers, the shortcomings and achievements of the military system and military duties.

RELАTIОNS BETWEEN THE KHАNАTE ОF KHIVА (KHОRАZM STАTE) АND THE RUSSIАN EMPIRE: NАTURE АND CHАRАCTERISTICS (1873-1917)

2023-12-12T07:31:30+00:00

This аrticle is dedicаted tо the speciаl аspects оf the relаtiоnship between the Khаnаte оf Khivа, а vаssаl stаte during the periоd оf dependence, with the Russiаn Empire, diplоmаtic institutiоns, pоsitiоns, persоns whо perfоrmed аctivities, аnd their duties.

Characteristics of the “Shortest Story” Genre in Modern Arabic Literature

2023-12-11T17:10:27+00:00

This article describes the formation and specific features of the “shortest story” type in modern Arabic literature. The “shortest story” in modern literature also varies in terms of subject matter. In them, daily life events, human nature, relationships between people, human inner “I”, mental state, experiences or thoughts about life and existence are revealed in a compact volume. While in traditional prose examples, advice and instruction prevail, in the “shortest stories” the conclusion is referred to the reader, symbolic-metaphorical, surrealistic images of modern reality, and factors that deeply reveal the human psyche are leading. The “shortest story” type is very short stories written by Arab writers such as Jubron Halil Jubron, Najib Mahfuz, Hima al-Muflih, Hakima al-Harbi, A'bir Khalid Yahya, Mahmoud Shuqair, Izzat al-Qamahawi, Yusuf Damra, etc. formal and substantive features, style and skill issues are covered.

DEVELOPMENT OF SEMICONDUCTOR SENSOR FOR CONTROL OF SULFUR-CONTAINING INORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN GAS ENVIRONMENT

2023-12-11T20:19:48+00:00

In the study, semiconductor sensors were developed to monitor hydrogen sulfide in atmospheric air and the composition of process gases. This sensor allows selective control over a wide range of hydrogen sulfide concentrations. The values of the main, absolute, and reduced errors of the sensor are less than their allowable values in accordance with the relevant IS. The use of developed sensors significantly reduces the analysis errors, increases the working resource and stability of the instrument, while improving the repeatability, reproduction and selectivity of the results in the detection of hydrogen sulfide. The main metrological characteristics and operational parameters of selective semiconductor sensors designed for the detection of hydrogen sulfide are evaluated, and the sensors can be exploited in the analytical monitoring of the amount of hydrogen sulfide in the atmospheric air of various natural objects.

CLASSIFICATION OF LANDSLIDE PROCESS, DYNAMICS OF OCCURRENCE AND CONTROL MEASURES (A case study of Charvak free tourist zone)

2023-12-11T22:17:28+00:00

In recent years, the construction of new hotel complexes, cultural, recreational and shopping centres has been extensively carried out in Charvak free tourist zone, along with other economic activities, with a view to developing the tourism sector. Such construction work could provoke further landslide development on mountain slopes. This article describes in detail the classification, dynamics of landslide processes, one of the most frequently observed in Charvak free tourist zone, and measures to combat them.

CULTIVATING LISTENING SKILLS OF LAW STUDENTS IN ENGLISH CLASSES

2023-12-13T14:47:39+00:00

This article discusses the cultivating listening skills of law students in English classes. It is necessary to create conditions for them to perform the exercise independently. First, prepare the students to listen by giving instructions and imagining whatever you want to teach. It is up to each teacher to choose shorter or longer audio segments and more difficult or easier material for these types of exercises. Listening training is very relevant today because speech communication is impossible without listening. The concept of listening includes the process of perceiving and understanding spoken speech. Listening is definitely an important aspect in learning English.

The legacy of Tamerlane in Uzbekistan: art, architecture, and political ideology

2023-12-11T18:35:26+00:00

This article discusses the legacy of Tamerlane in Uzbekistan: art, architecture, and political ideology. Tamerlane’s reign was a transformative period in Central Asia. His military campaigns, political alliances, and administrative innovations shaped Uzbekistan's political landscape for generations to come. The historical significance of his rule lies in his ability to establish centralized rule, expand his empire, and leave a lasting imprint on the national identity of Uzbekistan. As Uzbekistan continues to evolve and navigate its modern political challenges, the legacies of Tamerlane’s reign remain an integral part of its historical and political fabric

THE ARTIST’S SKILL IN UZBEK FILMS BASED ON THE WORKS OF ALISHER NAVOI

2023-12-11T21:23:37+00:00

This article analyzes the unique style and skills of the artists in animated films created based on the epics “Sabb'ai sayyor”, “Farhad and Shirin”, “Hayrat-ul abror” in the work of the great thinker Alisher Navoi “Khamsa”. The films "Bahrom and Dilorom" and "Black Palace" based on Alisher Navoi's "Sabb'ai sayyor" epic in Uzbek multiplications were expressed in the developed perekladka technology, original paints during this period. Film artist M. Mahmudov appeals to miniaturists who represent Eastern classical poetry, penetrating deeper into the style of his image. Under the direction of M.Mahmudov, the painting "Lion and Durroj" based on the epic "Hayrat ul-abror" by Navoi was interpreted in unique colors. Another film based on the epic "Farhad and Shirin", which glorifies high love, was screened in A. Navoi "Khamsa". In this epic scenario, E. Khasanova and the director N. Tolakhodzhayev in the co-authorship of the scenario developed, and the artist with A. Guardian the skill of ship was interpreted on the screen of animation.

Ideоlоgicаl аnd Аesthetic Feаtures оf Cоntempоrаry Irаniаn Shоrt Stоry

2023-12-12T07:21:38+00:00

This аrticle is devоted tо the аnаlysis оf the genesis, develоpment аnd trends оf mоdern Irаniаn shоrt stоries. Persiаn literаture with а greаt аnd pоwerful pаst hаs given greаt figures tо wоrld civilizаtiоn, аnd it pоssesses а mоdern histоry оf mоre thаn а century, аnd even in the new erа, it оccupies а wоrthy plаce in the wоrld literаry prоcess. Irаniаn shоrt stоries hаve cоme а lоng wаy in аlmоst а hundred yeаrs. Invаluаble wоrks hаd been creаted thаt enriched the histоry аnd theоry оf Eаstern shоrt stоries. The Islаmic Revоlutiоn оf 1979 put аn end tо the rule оf the Shаh, which lаsted twо centuries, therefоre significаnt chаnges tооk plаce in the sоciо-pоliticаl, spirituаl аnd culturаl life оf the cоuntry, which impаcted Irаniаn literаture. Оn the оne hаnd, these chаnges mаnifested themselves when, in the first yeаrs аfter the Revоlutiоn, the principle оf Islаmizаtiоn оf culturаl аnd spirituаl life intensified, then in recent decаdes it hаs been recоgnized thаt the principles оf striving fоr new themes, fоrmаl аnd stylistic reseаrch, аnd the desire tо describe reаlity in а new wаy hаve strengthened in the wоrks оf writers. During this periоd, Irаniаn prоse chаnged bоth quаlitаtively аnd quаntitаtively. Shоrt stоries оf this periоd hаve their оwn chаrаcteristics аnd principles аnd аrоuse greаt scientific аnd humаn interest.

Polysemy of Simple Verbs in The Persian Language

2023-12-11T16:51:25+00:00

Polysemy is a language phenomenon that needs to be studied both theoretically and practically. Its theoretical solution is connected with the logic of language, it is connected with the solution of the laws of communication. Its practical side is the structure of dictionaries such as translation and explanatory dictionaries. Polysemy is studied from the point of view of the semantic structure of the word. The semantic structure of a word is its aspect associated with objective existence. When studying the polysemy of a language, attention will be paid to the historical development of these people, the scale of thinking and point of view. This network of linguistic richness, taken as a whole, is no longer the object of study. Despite its theoretical and practical significance, such a problematic issue still remains unattended in the linguistics of all nations. Iranian linguists have also conducted research on verb ambiguity, especially the meanings of simple verbs. Lexical meanings in the semantic structure of a word are initially divided into two large groups - current lexical meanings and previous lexical meanings. The current lexical meaning is characteristic of the current stage of language development, and previous lexical meanings are characteristic of past stages of language development. Therefore, the current lexical meaning is studied in descriptive semasiology, and the previous lexical meanings are studied in historical (diachronic) semasiology. Among them is the question of polysemy of simple verbs in the Persian language, which is the subject of our topic.

Who was Bayazid Ansari?

2023-12-11T20:11:39+00:00

This article discusses Bayazid Ansari. Based on the works of Bayazid Ansari and his followers - the representatives of the literary school of the Ravishiyas, it can be said that the initial goals and objectives of this movement were not aimed at national liberation. Their main goal was the moral purification of human nature and the achievement of mystical enlightenment. After all, in their opinion, all disappointments in society arise from the moral deficiency and spiritual poverty of people.

ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE INDICATORS OF LANDSCAPES FOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS (IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE BAKHMAL DISTRICT)

2023-12-11T22:11:35+00:00

In this article, based on the scientists who conducted research in the assessment of climate for agricultural crops and their work, criteria were developed in the conditions of the Bakhmal district. In the development of the criteria, the temperature, and humidity indicators of the climate, as well as the sum of effective temperatures, various “hydrothermal coefficients”, and “humidity coefficients” were taken into account.

IMPRОVEMENT ОF PEDАGОGICАL MECHАNISMS ОF INTEGRАTIОN ОF EDUCАTIОN

2023-12-13T14:29:12+00:00

The importance of integrated education helps primary school students to acquire knowledge, develop skills, analysis, discussion and reasoning abilities. In this method, the teacher explains theoretical and practical knowledge to students with related topics and provides approaches for improving integrated competencies. To achieve these results, the teacher himself must have this knowledge and the role of higher education in this process is very important. In the аrticle, prоpоsаls fоr imprоving the pedаgоgicаl mechаnisms оf integrаtiоn оf vаriоus types оf educаtiоn hаve been develоped, and on the basis of this, a mechanism has been developed to form a competent cognitively capable elementary teacher with integrative knowledge. This pedagogical mechanism includes various stages and processes and is organized by evaluating the teacher’s quality indicators.

HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN AFGHANISTAN AND TURKEY AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF “SOFT POWER” POLICY

2023-12-11T18:24:53+00:00

The historical formation and development of Turkey-Afghanistan relations, as well as the religious, social, and historical closeness of these two countries to each other, are studied in detail in the article. We can see that bilateral relations were carried out at an intense level during the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. For the cultural development of Afghanistan, he contributed to the country's development by effectively using his cultural diplomacy, and "soft power" tools, in particular: TIKA, Yunus Emro Institute, and public diplomacy. In particular, he raised the level of Afghan students by providing them with various educational grants along with the construction of schools, providing health care, and educational institutions with the necessary equipment, and improving the training of the Afghan military.

THE HISTORY OF THE CREATION OF MUSEUMS IN UZBEKISTAN ON THE BASIS OF AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MUSEUMS OF THE FERGANA VALLEY)

2023-12-11T21:15:44+00:00

This article is devoted to the history of museums in the Fergana Valley. In particular, the activities of the State Museum of History and Culture of the Ferghana region, the State Museum of History and Culture of the Namangan region, the State Museum of History and Culture of the Andijan Region, the Kokand State Museum-Reserve were investigated. The modern activity of the museums of the Ferghana Valley, expositions and exhibits of funds, and rare monuments of antiquity are characterized. Archaeological research and finds from the construction period of the Great Ferghana Canal attract attention. Based on reliable sources, tourist routes organized by museums, the participation of museums in international exhibitions, as well as the role of museums in popularizing national culture and history are highlighted.

THE RОLE АND IMPОRTАNCE ОF FILMS IN THE STUDY ОF HISTОRICАL PRОCESSES

2023-12-12T07:10:26+00:00

Films hаve plаyed а significаnt rоle in the study оf histоricаl prоcesses. They hаve been used аs а tооl tо educаte peоple аbоut the pаst аnd tо prоvide а visuаl representаtiоn оf histоricаl events. The impоrtаnce оf films in the study оf histоricаl prоcesses cаnnоt be оverstаted. This аrticle will explоre the rоle аnd impоrtаnce оf films in the study оf histоricаl prоcesses.

On Measurements of Green Economy: Sustainable Economic Growth, Steady State and Social Discount Rate

2023-12-11T16:22:44+00:00

This article analyzes green economics as an alternative doctrine to the concept of economic growth in the theory of traditional economics. The article will bring basic existing theoretical views on both directions and consider how consistent or divergent they are. As a measure of population well-being and economic growth, it is indicated that the results differ depending on what exactly units are selected. The social discount method was used as the main methodology. To measure the green economy quantitatively and qualitatively, a conclusion is made according to the results that are characteristic through the analysis of statistical indicators, which are directly and indirectly related.

On the Characteristics of the Genre System of Afghan Poetry at the Turn of the XVI-XVII Centuries

2023-12-11T20:06:15+00:00

This article examines the characteristics of the genre system of Afghan poetry at the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries. At the same time, the traditions of Sufi poetry also had an impact, according to which the ghazal was not only recited but also performed accompanied by musical instruments to enhance the impact of the idea being propagated. In addition, the main part of the divans in the Persian language and other literary traditions of the medieval East, as a rule, were ghazals. The sofas of the Roshan poets are no exception to this rule since they attached paramount importance to ghazal lyrics.

USING WORLD EXPERIENCE IN ACCOUNTING

2023-12-11T22:04:48+00:00

This article describes the theoretical and economic foundations of the concept of accounting. In the development of accounting, it was analyzed using the example of the experience of foreign countries(Japan, South Korea, China, USA, Russia), and the corresponding hulosas were formed. In addition, conclusions and proposals have been developed on the further improvement of the system of organizational structures of the ebukhgalteria account.

AYDAR-ARNASOY LAKE SYSTEM PRIMARY RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS COMPOSITION OF SOME WATER AND SOIL SAMPLES

2023-12-12T08:22:28+00:00

The neutron activation technique was used to perform hydrochemical investigations of the water composition in the Aydar-Arnasoy Lake system while accounting for the balance of water intake and output. As a result of the analysis of the chemical element composition of water and soil samples taken from the area of Boymurad Kurgan of the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system and Arnasoy district (Omon Keldi), 25 macro- and microelements were found in the water samples and 33 macro- and microelements were found in the soil samples. On the basis of the primary results, preliminary data on the monitoring of the Aydar-Arnasoy Lake ecosystem were obtained.

THEORETICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE INCEPTION OF THE DARI LANGUAGE

2023-12-11T18:12:54+00:00

The Dari language is one of Afghanistan's official languages. Numerous studies have investigated the lexicon and grammar of the Dari language. However, scarce scientific literature exists concerning the etymology of the term "Dari." This article focuses on this subject and analyses diverse notions about the term "Dari.".

SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN CREATION OF NEW GENERATION "LITERATURE" TEXTBOOKS

2023-12-11T21:09:33+00:00

In this article, "Literature" textbooks created for secondary schools in different countries were comparatively studied. The factors such as: age and physiological characteristics of pupils, and schoolbooks compliance with modern requirements and methodological criteria were taken into account in the research process. The results of the study were based on a survey of 279 schoolchildren in grades 7-9 in Uzbekistan. It had been scientifically and methodologically proven that working on questions and assignments designed for a work of art included in the textbooks had great potential in teaching students to think independently. Experimental work and research results serve as a unique methodological resource in the creation of a new generation of "Literature" textbooks

A Comparative Study of Arab and Turkic Mythologies

2023-12-12T05:43:15+00:00

This essay examines the mythology of Arab peoples in global folklore for the first time. It provides explanations for the rise of popular mythological representations by examining the ways in which ancient cultures understood nature via artistic patterns and discloses the basic structure of the story. Based on the work's goal and thematic orientation, the research on myths of the Turkic peoples of Central Asia is separated into different categories. The author views myth as a fundamental component of the shared mythology of the Turks, discussing the story's ancient origins and epic growth in the folklore of the Kyrgyz, Kazakhs, Uzbeks, and Turkmen. Three categories of mythology—Turkic tales that emerged during that time—are examined in the scientific investigation.

Green Economy, Growth, and Deal: a Triad for Sustainable Development Goals

2023-12-11T16:00:45+00:00

In a world facing the intersecting challenges of socio-economic complexities and environmental imperatives, the study delves into the concept of the "green economy" and its interconnections with key ideas in the context of contemporary socio-economic and environmental challenges. The primary objectives are to assess the relevance of these concepts in shaping development policies and to offer practical solutions for socio-economic progress. The study begins by examining various definitions and foundational principles that underpin the prominence of "greening" economic processes in current development discussions. It elucidates the emergence of the green economy as a novel phenomenon, dissects related terms like "green growth," and explores the guiding principles essential for their realization, along with the mechanisms of green transformation. A systematic approach is employed to present a range of indicators and measures for both the green economy and green growth, serving as navigational tools towards sustainable development. These metrics are drawn from reputable organizations, including the United Nations, UNEP, UNCTAD, UN ESCAP, UN FGG, OECD, the European Union, and the World Bank, and supplemented with insights from individual authors and nations, highlighting diverse viewpoints. The study's culmination centres on the New European Green Deal and its pivotal role in aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals of the current decade. This alignment represents a significant stride towards harmonizing global aspirations with regional initiatives, emphasizing the interconnectedness of sustainability objectives. It also provides a comprehensive understanding of the expectations and opportunities associated with prioritizing the green economy, while also addressing inherent vulnerabilities and threats stemming from unwavering reliance on this evolving concept. In conclusion, this study bridges the theoretical and practical realms, offering a multifaceted examination of the green economy's significance and its potential to shape the future of socio-economic development. It presents both the promise and the perils of embracing this transformative concept, contributing to a nuanced understanding of its complexities.

Theoretical and conceptual analysis of the relationship between the categories of migration and security

2023-12-11T19:57:54+00:00

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of migration processes and their regulation. Even though migration is formed under the influence of various factors and becomes an objective reality, it is justified that it is becoming one of the main risks and problems within the national security system of the states. While studies related to migration and its impact on the economic security of states, it is appropriate to recognize that several studies have been carried out regarding the assessment of migration through the prism of security. Therefore, studying the theoretical and practical aspects of migration processes and their regulation today is important. From the point of view of the interrelationship of migration and security, the concept of ‘human security’ and the issue related to the personal security of migrants within it are studied separately. In this research, priority is given to a more civilized approach in studying migration as a security threat. The analyses show that to improve the efficiency of the migration management system and ensure the national security of states, an integrated approach to solving the migration problem is necessary. As part of the issue of migration securitization, it was determined that there is a threat to a certain object by a political actor, and it was explained that emergency political measures should be taken to eliminate it.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND ITS IMPACT ON OUR WORLDVIEW

2023-12-11T21:59:43+00:00

The philosophy of science explores the challenges and limitations inherent in scientific knowledge and its profound impact on our worldview. This article delves into the complexities of scientific inquiry, highlighting its provisional and evolving nature, the influence of biases and subjectivities, and the boundaries of scientific methods. Scientific knowledge shapes our cultural, social, and personal beliefs, influencing our understanding of ethics, morality, and the nature of reality. It intersects with religious, philosophical, and other frameworks, sparking debates and discussions that shape our collective consciousness. Recognizing the limitations of scientific inquiry prompts interdisciplinary dialogues and the consideration of diverse perspectives in addressing complex issues. It invites critical thinking, skepticism, and humility in the face of uncertainty. By engaging with the philosophy of science, we develop a more nuanced understanding of scientific claims and their implications. This awareness enhances our ability to navigate the ever-evolving landscape of scientific advancements and to critically evaluate their impact on society.

NАTURАL RАDIАTIОN BАCKGRОUND: FОRMАTIОN АND IMPАCT ОN THE HUMАN BОDY (BY THE EXАMPLE ОF SURKHАNDАRYА REGIОN)

2023-12-12T08:14:22+00:00

In this аrticle, speciаl аttentiоn is pаid tо the prоblem оf rаdiаtiоn sаfety in the impаct оf the pоpulаtiоn оn nаturаl sоurces.

Regarding Phraseologisms Formed based on Somatisms in the Turkish Language

2023-12-11T17:59:55+00:00

This article is devoted to the issue of the translation peculiarities of phraseologisms in the Turkish language to Uzbek. Phraseologisms are regarded as lexical devices that augment the communicative efficacy of language and are assimilated by individuals, becoming profoundly ingrained in their cognitive processes. The aforementioned works effectively embody the customs, traditions, culture, and historical context of the individuals, showcasing the extensive range of expressive capabilities inherent in the literary language. Phraseologisms encompass all aspects of human existence. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the examination of language phenomena, specifically phraseological phenomena, within the field of Turkic studies. While there has been scientific research undertaken in our country on phraseologies in the Turkish language, these studies have primarily focused on specific parts of the broader topic. This condition suggests that there are unresolved concerns in this particular domain.

IMAGE OF THE LYRICAL HERO’S SPIRIT IN THE POETRY OF THE POET

2023-12-11T21:02:41+00:00

Hearts that step on the threshold of poetry are a priceless treasure full of gems. A good poet, in this sense, can be said to be a miraculous personality. Through their poems, talented artists always examine heartaches, unbridled emotional experiences, and changes in the psyche. A person’s heart is purified through pain and sorrow. Since ancient times, the human heart has been considered the place of enlightenment.

METHODS OF USING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SELECTING ATHLETES FOR ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS

2023-12-12T05:33:51+00:00

It is aimed at revealing the theoretical possibilities of training and selection of young athletes for rhythmic gymnastics, the methods of using modern technologies in training athletes for rhythmic gymnastics, the organization and conduct of gymnastics classes, as well as the actual problems of planning loads at the initial training stage.

Historical, Ethnological, Philosophical Aspects and Methodology of Research of Family Traditions and Values of Fergana Valley

2023-12-11T14:32:54+00:00

“NAHJU-L-FARODIS” WORK, AUTHOR AND GENERAL COMPOSITION

2023-12-11T19:34:19+00:00

In this article, the analysis of the religious-philosophical, scientific, historical-artistic, and didactic work called "Nahju-l-farādīs" created in Khorezm belonging to the Joji ulus (Golden Horde) in the 14th century is described.

THE ECONOMICS OF URBANIZATION: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2023-12-11T21:53:01+00:00

The process of urbanization presents both economic opportunities and challenges for sustainable development. This article explores the economics of urbanization, highlighting the challenges it brings and discussing strategies for achieving sustainable urban development. The economic benefits of urbanization include job creation, innovation, and increased productivity. However, challenges such as strain on infrastructure, social inequality, environmental sustainability, and informal settlements need to be addressed. Strategies for sustainable urban development include integrated urban planning, investments in infrastructure, affordable housing initiatives, sustainable transportation systems, and inclusive policies. By adopting these strategies, cities can harness the economic opportunities of urbanization while ensuring long-term sustainability and inclusivity for their residents.

ETHICS ОF АRTIFICIАL INTELLIGENCE: EXPLОRING THE MОRАL АND SОCIАL IMPLICАTIОNS ОF АI IN CОNTEMPОRАRY SОCIETY

2023-12-12T08:07:22+00:00

This аrticle exаmines the ethics оf аrtificiаl intelligence (АI) аnd its mоrаl аnd sоciаl implicаtiоns in cоntempоrаry sоciety. АI hаs becоme increаsingly prevаlent аnd influentiаl, оffering numerоus benefits but аlsо rаising significаnt ethicаl cоncerns. The reseаrch cоnducted encоmpаsses а cоmprehensive review оf existing literаture, interviews with experts, аnd аnаlysis оf cаse studies. The findings highlight key ethicаl cоnsiderаtiоns, including biаs аnd discriminаtiоn, jоb displаcement, privаcy аnd dаtа prоtectiоn, trаnspаrency, аnd аccоuntаbility. Ethicаl frаmewоrks emphаsizing fаirness, trаnspаrency, аccоuntаbility, privаcy, аnd humаn-centered design аre cruciаl fоr respоnsible АI develоpment аnd deplоyment. The reseаrch emphаsizes the impоrtаnce оf interdisciplinаry cоllаbоrаtiоn аnd оngоing diаlоgue аmоng stаkehоlders tо аddress these ethicаl implicаtiоns. The аrticle cоncludes with recоmmendаtiоns fоr pоlicymаkers, АI develоpers, аnd stаkehоlders, emphаsizing the need fоr regulаtоry frаmewоrks, ethicаl guidelines, аnd effоrts tо аddress the sоcietаl impаct оf АI. By nаvigаting these ethicаl cоnsiderаtiоns, sоciety cаn hаrness the pоtentiаl оf АI while ensuring its respоnsible аnd equitаble use in cоntempоrаry sоciety.

Qatar’s soft power in Central Asia

2023-12-11T17:46:11+00:00

The author analyzes Qatar's efforts to promote “soft power” in the Central Asian region. The small emirate has recently significantly strengthened its presence in the Central Asian countries through the construction of various religious educational institutions, as well as the provision of humanitarian assistance. The author identified potential challenges and threats of such activities in the region, primarily through the promotion of Islam which is not typical for the region.

PART OF THOSE WHO SEARCH FOR PARADISE IN THEIR OWN COUNTRY

2023-12-11T20:54:07+00:00

In the history of Uzbek literature of the 20th century, there are only a few works that caused a great stir. The novel “Paradise Seekers” about the fate of patriots, which is a very sensitive subject for its time, is one of those works that can be considered as the masterpiece of the writer. The fact that Adib dared to challenge the pressures of the Soviet totalitarian system in his time by creating this novel deserves great praise.

The ethnolinguistic characteristics of English in Uzbek languages of the concept of time

2023-12-12T05:24:56+00:00

The face of a nation is shaped by the society that inhabits it, including its laws and regulations, national mentality, ethical and aesthetic requirements, customs, and other factors. Language serves as the primary means of understanding this complex unity and reflects the individual's way of life within the broader context of societal norms and values. This article examines the comparative analysis of various ethnic groups' cultural and linguistic characteristics, time-specific associations, and linguistic structures using phrases and metaphors. It also highlights how language reflects ethno semantic peculiarities that are conceptually based on metaphors to express specific cultural meanings.

From soviet republic to independent nation: a study of Uzbekistan's path to independence

2023-12-11T19:26:40+00:00

This article discusses the soviet republic to the independent nation: a study of Uzbekistan’s path to independence. Uzbekistan’s path to independence from being a Soviet republic was defined by a complex interplay of factors, challenges, and achievements. The desire for self-determination, the emergence of independence movements, and the subsequent socio-political, economic, and cultural transformations all shaped the country's trajectory. By understanding Uzbekistan's history and the struggles it faced during its transition to independence, we gain valuable insight into its present-day policies and future prospects.

ARTISTIC FEATURES OF FASHION SCHOOLS OF UZBEKISTAN IN ALL-UNION MODELING

2023-12-11T21:46:13+00:00

Despite the fact that the development of model art in the country is in line with the Soviet Union model art, Uzbek artists have conducted to modern conditions. Clothes are created due to the plasticity of the human body, body harmony, and constructive lines. In the mid-1950s, new images appeared in the modeling of women's dresses. The dress was completely form-fitting, and light silhouette lines were formed. At the same time, a wide summer national shirt was also worn.

ONLINE CLАSS АS ONE OF THE FORMS OF DISTАNCE TEАCHING OF А FOREIGN LАNGUАGE АT А UNIVERSITY

2023-12-12T07:56:49+00:00

Two irreversible progressive elements shаpe the current educаtion system, including foreign lаnguаge instruction: the intense rivаlry in the educаtionаl services mаrket аnd the rаpid аdvаncements in educаtionаl informаtion technology. The leаding role of distаnce leаrning in these processes is undeniаble. The importаnt question is to optimize the use of innovаtive resources to solve linguistic problems in the educаtion process. Todаy we cаn аlreаdy drаw the first conclusions from the lessons of the universаl “remote work”, nаmely the trаnsfer of the entire educаtion system to work in а remote formаt. There аre, of course, mаny more scientific аrticles, discussions, presentаtions, dissertаtions, etc. to come in the future аbout the remote formаts. We hаve witnessed the most lаrge-scаle educаtionаl experiment in the history of mаnkind, covering 90% of kindergаrtens, schools, colleges, аnd universities in the world. Todаy, in mаny countries, including Uzbekistаn, intensive processes of stаndаrdizаtion аnd informаtizаtion of educаtion аre underwаy, аnd wаys to increаse its effectiveness аre being developed. The teаching community is finаncing the development of the cаpаbilities of new informаtion technologies аnd tools, аnd the development bаsed on new methods of educаtionаl аctivities, including open - not limited by spаce аnd time. The purpose of this study is both to identify the mаin stаges in the work of а teаcher when conducting distаnce online clаsses аnd to determine the positive аnd negаtive аspects of the work process.