Advances in incorporation of nanomaterials onto fabrics

Abstract

Textile is a necessary commodity and is of paramount importance in a variety of areas. Textiles are frequently used for protection against heat, cold, rain, etc. among various other purposes. The properties of textiles can be further enhanced and the horizon of their applications can be broadened by the incorporation of nanoparticles using nanotechnology.  Nanotechnology is currently a top priority in research across the world due to its enormous potential [1]. Nanoproducts ranging from nanofibers, nanocomposite fibers, and intelligent polymeric nanocoatings are frequently incorporated in conventional textiles to provide improved performance and new functionality [2]. Nanocoatings offer numerous specific properties like antimicrobial, regulated hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, antistatic, wrinkle resistance, shrink-proof, and protection against UV radiations. These properties lead to a variety of textile applications including protective garments, medicinal textiles, and sportswear [3]. In the COVID-19 pandemic situation, nanotechnology has paved the way for need-based customization such as antiviral masks, PPE kits, etc.

There's no doubt that nanotechnology will have a major impact on the textile industry soon. Innovations in nanotechnology have led researchers to incorporate nanosensors in clothing that can quickly adapt to climatic changes and customized apparel which monitor the vital signs of the individual. The need for nanocoated fabrics in the medical industry is immense. The use of Intelligent fabrics for table cloths, carpets, towels, seat fabrics, interiors, etc. for reducing the risk of cross-infection can be an area of research in the future [4].

This paper provides an overview of the nanomaterials suitable for the textile industry, enhancement in the properties of fabrics due to incorporation of nanomaterials, advantages, disadvantages, and a few applications.