Analysis of organophosphate pesticides residue in groundwater of Kota region of Rajasthan

Abstract

Pesticide use in agriculture has the potential to contaminate groundwater supplies. In reality, according to studies, only about 0.1 percent of toxins widely used in agriculture reach the target insect. At the same time, the rest enters the environment inappropriately and contaminates soil, water, and air, poisoning or harming non-target creatures. 

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) were widely used when organochlorine pesticides were prohibited in the 1960s and 1970s due to their harmful effects [1]. This study aimed to measure the extent of Organophosphate Pesticides pollution in the groundwater of the Kota region. Contaminant compounds of several organophosphate pesticides have been identified in the groundwater of the Kota region.

This research work is essential because,in India, where groundwater is heavily used for irrigation and industrial purposes, many surfacesand water-based human actions pollute this valuable resource, including pesticides for farming activities. In some cases, over-exploitation has resulted in aquifer contamination. 

Modern agriculture techniques reflect an inflection in pesticides and fertilizers to fulfill the growing needs of an already increasing human population, resulting in environmental degradation. Pesticide application regularly causes persistence, bioaccumulation, and contamination of groundwater. Advance measures must be takento address the issues with groundwater quality [2].

Groundwater has become significantly polluted as a result of increased human activity during the last decade. As a result, a rise in the number of cases of water-borne infections has been seen, posing a health risk.As a result, essential groundwater quality monitoring is required to monitor groundwater demand and pollution levels [3].

This research work aims to provide the base data on the existing concentration of pesticides in groundwater for Kota city. The study calculates the actual contaminant load of pesticides in groundwater. Various human health hazards due to contamination of groundwater can be accessed through this research work. This study helps to understand the patterns and practices of pesticides used in selected high-intensity agriculture areas of Kota.

This study suggests that the groundwater gets seriously polluted due to the discharge of pesticides in the groundwater at Kota. The present study is done on analysis of Organophosphates (OPs) pesticides residue in groundwater. These OPPs damage groundwater as well as soil in agricultural land. In the majority of the studied regions, these chemicals were found in relatively high concentrations. Raipura Village, Kheda Rasulpur, Bundi Road, and Thathed are the four areas where the work was carried out.

Regular monitoring and strict law enforcement are required to reduce the overall risks posed by these variables and strengthen the protection of the environment in these locations. As a result, while applying pesticides, maintaining water quality is a significant challenge that must be overcome to survive. As people, one should realise the significance of pesticides in maintaining a high level of living.

The pesticides are used to mitigate pests in houses, hotels, clinics, parks, ornamental plantings, country clubs, and other places where pesticides control unnecessary plants, insects, and plant infections that trouble plant growth, harvest, and quality of crops. Still, everyone should know that it can impact the water purity of both groundwater and surface sources. When pesticides in high concentrations infiltrate groundwater, human and environmental health may be jeopardized.