Entropy analysis on pulsatile flow of couple stress nanofluid in a vertical channel: Buongiorno nanofluid model

Abstract

The present work discloses the pulsating flow of couple stress nanofluid in a vertical channel in the presence of applied magnetic field. The Buongiorno nanofluid model is employed in the current study with the analysis of entropy generation. The impressions of viscous dissipation, Joule heating, thermophoresis, thermal radiation, heat source/sink, and Brownian motion are taken into the account. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into the system of ordinary differential equations by employing the perturbation method and then solved by utilizing the Runge-Kutta fourth order scheme with the support of shooting technique. The current concept is noteworthy in the field of energy conservation, dynamics of physiological fluids, and biomedicines. The influences of emerging parameters concerned with the current model on flow variables like velocity, temperature, and concentration are discussed in detail and interpreted graphically.

Nanofluids have interesting uses in science and engineering, including as drug delivery, solar absorption, crystal formation, carcinogenic treatment, food biophysics, and biomedicine. Choi and Eastman [1] reported that, the suspension of nanoparticles in a base fluid, improved the heat transfer rate of working fluid. The idea of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects came into being after Buongiorno [2] came up with a generalized non-homogenous paradigm for transport in nanofluids. Heat and mass transfer caused by non-Newtonian fluid flow are seen as ways to improve research and manufacturing. Non-Newtonian fluid models that are especially useful in industries and engineering include the couple stress fluid model which is useful for synthesized fluids, polymeric materials, biological fluids, solvents, and fluid crystals. As a pioneer in magnetohydrodynamic channel flows, Stokes [3] proposed the concept of coupled stress fluids. In the light of various applications in science and engineering, like dynamics of biological fluids, artificial kidney, pulse jet engines, and identification of water reserves there is a lot to discuss about pulsatile flow. Kumar et al. [4] endeavoured to study the pulsatile flow of a non-Newtonian fluid on the penetrable channel under the influences of Ohmic heating, radiative heat, and applied magnetic field by using the Buongiorno model.