An IoT based Health Monitoring System

Abstract

Healthcare is a very emerging field nowadays. As we are getting advanced in technology, thousands of new healthcare technology start-ups are coming up in this field. Wireless sensing and automation are what make a system more reliable and special in the Healthcare field. Therefore, the Internet of Things is continuously becoming the stronger part of wireless sensing and monitoring healthcare technologies [1-3]. It has been very commonly seen that people do not focus on their basic health and later suffer from serious health issues, especially heart and lung disease. Regular monitoring of the heartbeat and spO2 will keep the person aware of his/her health. Continuous high body temperature is also a major health problem. Regular monitoring of body temperature not only provides fever indication but also indicates the chances of serious infections that can happen in the body. This system will be working to overcome these three challenges which include Pulse rate, SpO2, and Body temperature. Pulse rate and SpO2 will be measured using a pulse sensor and temperature will be measured using a non-contact temperature sensor. Implementation of IoT in this system will help in continuous monitoring and analyzing health conditions. This IoT-enabled Health monitoring system will display the body temperature, pulse rate, and spO2 of a person (detected using RFID tag) on a server and at the same time, it will also update this information on the cloud using thingspeak. The implementation of the RC522 RFID module is what makes this system more useful. RC522 RFID module can help to detect a person by his/her tag, so this system’s implementation can not only be done for a single person but a larger group also. Using it for patient health care monitoring in a hospital or using it for health care monitoring at home, this system is equally feasible. This system can be used in a family by having different RFID tags for all the members, so that, not only everyone can do their health check-up but also everyone can monitor their health by segregating the data through the different tag ID. Implementing this system on a bigger scale will require many more components. The major component required for large-scale implementation is improved security. Because if we use this on large scale, we will also get the data on large scale. So, for the collection of actual data by the cloud and perfect monitoring of the data, we would require very high security. The collected data can be further used by the health department for various applications like Disease Research, better diagnosis, etc. The main objective of this work is to monitor the pulse rate, SpO2, and body temperature of the user to protect him or her from any serious health issue and help the user to maintain better health (Figure 1). This system is very beneficial, is affordable for almost everyone, and is easy to use. Implementing this system at a specific distance can also save the time of many individuals who go to hospitals to check the SpO2, pulse rate, or body temperature. Many people in society do not keep a check on their health and work very hard all day to earn without taking care of their mental and physical health. In these cases, many people suffer health diseases and many out of them die due to heart attack or heart failure. This system can contribute to saving the lives of people by indicating the fluctuation in pulse rate, SpO2, and body temperature from their normal range (Table 1). Apart from the general implementation, if we talk about the COVID pandemic, this system will work as a complete game-changer. Many people have lost life to COVID because they do not check their SpO2 and body temperature regularly. If people start monitoring their SpO2 and body temperature regularly, then it would result in a lesser number of deaths. So overall this system is very beneficial in all the types of the situation either it is a pandemic or a general check-up.